@article{ author = {azimi, mahnaz and vosoughi, shahram and mirilavasani, mohammadrez}, title = {Evaluating the effect of Balanced Scorecard model (BSC) on performance of Health, Safety and Environment Management System (HSE-MS): (A Case Study)}, abstract ={Background and aims: However, both the implementation and establishment of the Health, safety and Environment (HSE) management system is successful, but there is no guarantee on the quality of its performance. Therefore, a comprehensive performance evaluation system is essential for monitoring, evaluating and continuous improvement of these systems. If this evaluations are based on company's strategic planning, they are on the right path. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) on improvement of HSE management system in one of a big production companies in our country. Methods: This study is cross-sectional, in nature is applicable, and in methodology is a survey research. During the research, first some studies based on theoretical context were done and then BSC was implemented in HSE system of the company. Finally, a conceptual model to evaluate the performance of HSE management system in the form of Balanced Scorecard was designed and by this model the performance of HSE management system was evaluated and compared before and after the implementation of the BSC. Results: The results show that after the implementation of the BSC, HSE management system through 67 performance indicators that evaluated, in 43 indicators (64/2%) had improvement and major progress is visible in terms of internal processes and customer. Poor performance is in terms of growth and learning than other strategic perspectives, so the company needs to insist more effort to provide a platform for learning and development in the field of HSE. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the implementation of BSC can improve the performance of the HSE management system.}, Keywords = {Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Performance Evaluation, Health, Safety, Environment Management System (HSE-MS)}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-14}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1705-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1705-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {damiri, zabiolah and Yarahmadi, Rasoul and sharifi, jav}, title = {Assessment of functional parameters of HEPA filters in a pharmaceutical industry (case study 2015)}, abstract ={Abstract: Background and aims: Nowadays, cleanrooms have become impartible parts of an industry with sensitive products. Sources of contamination in cleanrooms are impaired performance and quality sensitive products in the cleanrooms .The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of HEPA filter and check the concentration and number of airborne particles in cleanrooms for pharmaceutical industry.  Methods: This study an experimental study that was conducted at 2015  in the pharmaceutical industry. The method of this study investigated the HEPA filter leakage test and number concentration of particles in the cleanroom according to the ISO 14644 – 3 standards .17 HEPA filters were studied for cleanroom with cleanliness class B, C and D.  The leakage filters using aerosol photometer, aerosol generator and Positive injection pump and the Particle Counter was used to measure the concentration of particles. Results: In HEPA filter leakage test, 17 filters have been tested and only 3) 18 %( filters indicate leakage and had an efficiency lower than standard limits. Other filters had a no leakage and show acceptable results (99.99%). The results show that with increasing velocity, permeability and pressure drop in the range of particle size increased and decreased quality factor. In addition, the measurement results show that the concentration of particles in the cleanroom the average density of particles pollution in the cleanliness class B, C and D of the ISO-14644 standard limits was lower. Conclusion: the study showed that the airborne particles concentration are lower than the permissible limits which determined by ISO 14644 standards. Interestingly in this study, the impact of high air quality cleanroom was a good performance HEPA filters.}, Keywords = {cleanroom, ISO 14644 standard, HEPA filter, Number of particle}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {15-26}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1702-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1702-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Maheronnaghsh, Sara and Panahi, Mostafa and Mohammadfam, Iraj and Mapar, Mahs}, title = {Estimating the safety economic value in Esfahan Oil Refinery with contingent valuation method}, abstract ={Background and aims: Planning to increase production and tends to increase the efficiency of human resources in productive organizations without estimating the economic costs imposed on the organization, cause the actual value of safety is ignored in workplaces. Among the financial cost of the productive organizations, the subject of safety promotion through decreasing the probable hazards will cause to impose the amount of extra costs to employers that are often faced them with the reluctance and therefore they will try to decrease these mentioned costs. The object of this study is to determine the numerical value of safety from the perspective of the refinery staff through computing the amount of money which the staff tend to receive to tolerate unsafe conditions in the workplace. This amount will be equivalent to the importance of preventing accidents and promoting the safety condition in the workplace from the perspective of the labor force.  Methods: In this study, by applying Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and determining the amount of willingness to accept (WTA) of employees in exchange for the waiver of improving safety in the workplace, the economic value of safety in Esfahan Oil Refining Company was estimated from the employee's perspective. For this purpose, a questionnaire was provided and by creating a hypothetical market scenario for safety as a non-traded goods, data relating to the safety value were asked from the number of 140 operational employees and analyzed by applying 2-steps questionnaire including the pre-test and final test during 2014. Results: Based on the results of this study, the mean of willingness to accept (WTA) a month for each employee at the refinery was estimated at 2 million and five hundred thousand rials. The total economic value estimated for the safety of the refinery personnel for 1,300 people employed in operational units, estimated 39 billion rails. Considering the total annual cost of refinery safety that is 6,700,000,000 rials, it was clear from the employee's perspective, the economic value of safety is 5.8 times greater than the cost of refinery existing safety programs conditions in the workplace. Conclusion: According to this point of view, the need to review the annual budget required to implement safety measures described and from an economic point focusing on the search for optimal conditions for market efficiency and cost effectiveness of the safety measures is important.}, Keywords = {Economic valuation of safety, Willing to accept, Refinery}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {27-36}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1554-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1554-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Jalali, Abdolali and Rohollahi, Ahmad Ali}, title = {Identification and Priority of Risky Factors Effecting on Aircraft Operation on Aerodrome and Flight Environment Around it}, abstract ={Background and aims: Aerodrome surface safety and in particular safety of flight environment around them are acknowledged globally as one of aviation's greatest challenges. Aeronautical industries development within recent decays and employment of innovated technologies and procedures, encountered with multiple risk that threating the aviation safety.  The main purpose of this research was identification and priority of risky factors effecting on aircraft operation on aerodrome and flight environment around it. Methods: In this survey, descriptive method was used and a questionnaire of 22 items prepared and distributed between the research statistical population including Tehran Province aeronautical personnel about 420 persons that 201 of them have been selected based on Morgan table as statistical sample. The reliability of the questionnaire have been confirmed by Cronbach`s alpha coefficients (0.8) and its validity checked by content, structural and Lawshe methods. SPSS software version19 plus SEM (LISREL 8/5) have been used for analyzing. Results: Research finding indicates that human factors, equipment factors, software factors and hardware factors have positive and direct effect on risk of aircraft operation on aerodrome surface and flight environment around it. Impact of human factors are 0.90, environmental factors .78, hardware factors 0.69 and software factors is 0.52. Conclusion: Safety level enhancement is required on and in the vicinity of an aerodromes through planning and implementation of safety management system, knowledge and safety culture development for all human resources, in parallel to installation of new aerodromes equipment. At the end, it’s noted that coordination with relevant organization for preventing of potential danger shall be effected. }, Keywords = { Risk, Aerodrome, Flight environment, Aircraft operation.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {37-54}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1591-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1591-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, Zahra and Farshad, Ali Asghar and Khosravi, Yahya and Yarahmadi, Rasoul}, title = {problems of hospital from the perspective of human-system interface technology and recommended practices for improvement: a qualitative study}, abstract ={Background and aims: Hospital personnel are exposed to various occupational hazards because of their job circumstances. The aim of this study is to investigate the ergonomic problems of hospital from the perspective of human-system interface technology and to recommend the strategies for improvement. Methods: In this qualitative study, the conceptual framework of hospital ergonomic problems was extracted through the literature review from the perspective of human-system interface technology. Eighteen staffs and experts were participated in the semi-structured interview and focus group discussion according to the conceptual framework. Theme analysis was used to extract the ergonomic problems and their corresponding solutions. Results: In total, 14 ergonomic problems were categorized based on a human-system interface framework. Their corresponding solutions were extracted based on the hierarchy of controls, including elimination and substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls and PPE. Conclusion: Some of the ergonomic problems related to working posture, shift work, workload, job satisfaction and personal relationships are more important problems. The control framework extracted from this study can be used to reduce the ergonomic problems and to recommend the strategies for improvement.}, Keywords = {Ergonomics problems, Human-system interface, control measures, qualitative research, hospital}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {55-71}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1669-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1669-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Farhadi, Sajad and Mohammadfam, Iraj and Kalatpour, Omi}, title = {Introducing a pattern for developing emergency scenarios in industries and studying the conformity of the exercised scenarios in the process industries with the presented pattern}, abstract ={Background and aims: Use of a comprehensive and standard-based scenario is of pivotal importance in conducting emergency exercises. Despite the importance of such scenarios, there is no approved, universal pattern used by Iranian industries for designing them. This study firstly aimed at providing a pattern for developing emergency scenarios. Secondly, a set of scenarios which currently are used by major Iranian industries were selected and the confirmatory of them with the proposed pattern were investigated. Methods: At first the content of ISO 22398 and HSEEP standards were studied thoroughly and, by integrating these two, a new pattern was constructed, next, its validity and reliability were determined. Finally, 61 scenarios used by process industries in Iran were collected and the conformity of them with the new pattern was surveyed. Results: The extracted pattern contained five main sections and 41 subsections. The conformity of examined scenarios with the proposed pattern showed that only subsections such scenario preparation and scenario implementation were considered in all of the scenarios. Conclusion: The findings of this study emphasize the necessity of using a universal pattern for developing emergency exercise scenarios. Training of this pattern to individuals who involved in developing emergency scenarios would improve the quality of scenarios used by industries and make them stronger against real emergencies.}, Keywords = {emergency situation, scenario, preparation, emergency exercise, gap analysis, HSEEP, ISO 22398}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {72-81}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1748-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1748-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Firoozeh, Marjan and Kavousi, Amir and Hasanzadeh, Sajedeh}, title = {Evaluation of Relationship between Occupational Exposure to Organic Solvent and Fatigue Workers at a Paint Factory in Saveh city}, abstract ={Background and aims: Organic solvents are a group of chemical compounds widely used in various industries and so far the relationship between chronic exposure to them and some physical and neurological diseases has been proved. On the other hand, fatigue causes damage to the person, reduction in  work  efficiency  and  increase in occupational accidents. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between occupational exposure to organic solvents and fatigue in workers in a paint factory. Methods: This descriptive - analytical and cross - sectional study was on 206 workers of paint and textile industries , respectively as case and control groups. Sampling of organic solvents was performed according to the standard method of NIOSH-1501.  After determining the concentration of solvents, Multidimensional Fatigue Questionnaire (MFI) and demographic and occupational information questionnaire were used to assess fatigue .For statistical analysis of the data, independent t- test and logistic regression were used. Results: The Mean fatigue scores in five dimensions using independent t-test showed that in physical aspects of fatigue, reduced activity, reduced motivation, mental exhaustion and total scores of MFI, there is a significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05), so that the biggest difference between the two groups was observed in reduced motivation and mental fatigue . Logistic regression showed that the odds­ ratio for these impairments in case group is about 2.5 control group. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there was a prevalence of fatigue in 4 dimensions of physical, reduced activity, reduced motivation and mental fatigue in people exposed to organic solvents so that mental fatigue and reduced motivation was mostly prevalent among people exposed to solvents compared to their control group.}, Keywords = {Keywords: organic solvent, fatigue, mental fatigue, MFI questioner}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {82-92}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1743-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1743-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Labbafinejad, Yasser and Attarchi, Mir saeed and Danesh, Hossein and Imanizade, Zahr}, title = {Prevalence of sleep disorders and its effects on the work ability in a dairy company}, abstract ={Background and aims: Sleep disorders are among the most prevalent disorders today and especially in the industrial and developed countries. Their prevalence have been variable in different populations. The occurrence of these disorders in working population can cause occupational injuries and reduces the performance of the employees. It also can be hazardous. In this article, the association between sleep disorders and the work ability index are considered. Methods:This was a cross-sectional study performed in a dairy company on all the employees in the year 2013. In this study, the StopBang questionnaire for assessment of the sleep apnea, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaire for assessment of sleepiness, and the work ability index (WAI) for assessment of work ability were used. The gathered data from these questionnaires were analyzed in conjunction with the demographic data. Results: In this study, 215 workers were finally considered. The associations between the three questionnaires (WAI, ESS, and STOP Bang) were statistically significant. There were also significant associations between age and WAI and STOP Bang; the level of education and ESS; work history and STOP Bang; smoking and all three questionnaires; pack-years of smoking and STOP Bang; and also the employee's body mass index (BMI) and STOP Bang. There was positive correlation between ESS and STOP Bang and both these questionnaires were negatively correlated with WAI. conclusion:The results show a strong correlation between sleep disorders (sleepiness and sleep apnea) and the work ability index. It is important to consider the sleep hygiene and performance of screening for sleep disorders in the employees to reduce the irreversible injuries and associated problems and also reduce the problem of lowered productivity.}, Keywords = {Sleep disorders, ESS, Workability index, StopBang, Dairy factory}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {93-102}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1747-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1747-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {valedeyniasl, Farnaz and Arzanlo, Mohsen and Fazlzadeh, Mehdi and amani, saide and Hazrati, Sadegh}, title = {Types and concentration of fungal bio-aerosols in hospital indoor air of Imam Khomeini and Alavi hospital in Ardabil city during 2016}, abstract ={Background and aims: bio-aerosols in indoor air of hospital wards are significant harmful factor for human health and play important role on nosocomial infections. Therefore, diversity and concentration of fungal bio-aerosols in indoor air of Imam Khomeini and Alavi hospital have been investigated in this study. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2 educational hospitals of Ardabil city in 2016. ZTHV02 sampler and sabarose dextrose agar along with chloramphenicol antibiotic were used to evaluate and determine the airborne fungal concentrations. Culture slide technique was applied to diagnose fungi and the colonies density was reported based on CFU/m3. Results: Mean fungi concentrations were 52.42 and 43.4 CFU/m3 in Emam and Alavi hospitals, respectively. Nursing station of dialysis ward in Imam Khomeini Hospital and vaginal delivery room and inpatient room of men urology and neurology in Alavi hospital had the highest fungal infection load. On the other hand the least fungal infection load were observed in dialysis and emergency respiratory isolation wards of Imam Khomeini and ICU in Alavi hospitals. The most prevalent fungi species isolated from air samples of Emam hospital was penicilium followed by Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Candida and for Alvi hospital; penicilium followed by Aspergillus, Aspergillus niger, Paecilomyces and Candida. No significant correlations were found between fungi concentrations and temperature and humidity of the sampling sites. However, fungi levels significantly were higher in morning shift comparing to evening shift (p<0.01). Conclusion: High concentration of airborne fungi bio-aerosols in Ardabil hospitals may be important health risks for health workers and the patients}, Keywords = {bio-aerosol, nosocomial infections, fungal, Air pollution}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {103-113}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1800-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1800-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {parnoon, Mozhgan and Naami, Abdolzahra and Hashemi, Seyed Esmaeel and Beshlideh, Kiomars and parnoon, Amir Abbas}, title = {Designing and Testing a Model of Precedents and Outcomes of Occupational Commitment in personnel of Khuzestan Steel Company}, abstract ={Background and aims: : The aim of the present research is Designing and Testing a Structural Modeling of Precedents and Outcomes of Occupational Commitment. The variables in this model are included: Precedents (Conscientiousness, transformational leadership and Islamic work ethic and psychological climate) and Outcomes of occupational commitment (turnover intention, emotional exhaustion and self development behavior). Methods: The research method is descriptive-correlation. The sample (According to the entry requirements for this study) consist of 210 Khuzestan Steel Company employees who selected by Stage random sampling (males=199; female=11). The occupational commitment, psychological climate, NEO personality trait, General transformational leadership, Islamic work ethic,turnover intention, Burnout and self development behavior scales was used to collect research data. fitness of the proposed model was examined through structural equation modeling )SEM( by using amos-21 software package.also the bootstrap procedure was used for examine the indirect effects. Results: Findings indicated that the proposed model fit the data properly. Better fit has been obtained by omitting 1 non-sighnificant path. Among 10 direct hypothesis just one hypothesis has not been confirmed (the direct effect of transformational leadership on the occupational commitmen).All of the indirect effects were confirmed. Conclusion: the present study provides insight about the role of individual, cultural and organizational variables in improving one's commitment to the occupational and thus reduce emotional exhaustion and turnover and the Costs arising from them.}, Keywords = {occupational commitment, psychological climate, Conscientiousness, transformational leadership, Islamic Work Ethical, self-development behavior, Emotional exhaustion, turnover intention}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {114-126}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1630-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1630-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {GhorbaniShahna, Farshid and Assari, MOhammad Javad and FaradMal, Javad and JafarZadeKolneLu, Arefe and Hatami, Hos}, title = {Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde in Hiar Dressers Work in Kermanshah and Hamadan Female Beatuy Salons}, abstract ={Background and aims: Formaldehyde (FA) is a colorless toxic gas used as a disinfectant and preservative and known as a carcinogen and strong irritant. Due to its germicidal, preservative and fixative properties, formaldehyde or other chemicals that potentially produce formaldehyde, are used in some cosmetics. OSHA has warned about hair dresser’s exposure to FA higher than threshold limit values. Because of the importance of this air pollutant and the lack of enough studies in Iran, the present study aimed at occupational monitoring of FA exposure in hair salons in Hamedan and Kermanshah cities. Methods: Short term (n=20) and long term (n=45) air samples were collected on sorbent tubes in the breathing zone of selected hair dressers and then analyzed based on methods NIOSH 2016 and 2541, respectively. Results: The concentrations of FA in short-term and long-term samples were in ranges of 0-0.6935 and 0-0.6034 ppm, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between mean concentrations of FA in long- term and short-term samples and also between studied work tasks (based on used cosmetics). Conclusion: According to obtained results, the concentration of FA in some samples was higher than Iran’s OEL (0.3 ppm). Therefore, it is necessary to do more occupational exposure monitoring and apply control measures such as installing proper ventilation systems, correcting the existing systems, supervising the quality of cosmetics, and training programs for target group.}, Keywords = {Formaldehyde, Occupational exposure, Hair dressers, Hair smoothing and keratination}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {127-134}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1126-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1126-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Babaei, Morteza and Bahrami, Abdolrahman and GorbaniShahna, Farshi}, title = {Control of fugitive dust emitted by combination of water spray and industrial ventilation as an efficient and economical solution at a mining company}, abstract ={Background and aims: Dust emission is one of the main health and environmental problems during the crushing, screening and conveying process in mining company. The goal of this study was designing, implementation and evaluation of industrial ventilation and combination with a water spray for control the airborne particles as well as economic analysis on crushing unit of a mining company. Methods: After ensuring the lack of destructive effect of humidity on material properties, a water spray system was designed and installed for settling some of produced dusts. Other emitted particles were also controlled by designing and implementation of local exhaust ventilation system.  This system was evaluated after installation. For collection of dust, three Stairmand cyclone with high efficiency were used. Finally, the efficiency of water spray and industrial ventilation systems was investigated as single and combined in the control of fugitive particles in ambient air, occupational exposure and environmental emission. Results: The efficiency of the wet and ventilation system, alone and combined in reducing workplace dust concentration were 49%, 76% and 95%, respectively. Moreover, the efficiency of the wet, ventilation and combined system in reducing the exposure to repairable particles were 54%, 73% and 88%, respectively. Conclusion: According to the present evaluations by implementing the combination of these two systems, the occupational exposure of workers, ambient dust concentration and emitted dust to environmental was fell to less than permissible limits. According to the economic analysis, over 80% of total costs by combined procedure was reduced. Therefore, this system can be proposed as an effective and cost-effective in such conditions.            }, Keywords = {Mining, Water Spray, Cyclone, Industrial Ventilation, Dust.}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {135-146}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1701-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1701-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {afshari, maryam and teymori, gholam heydar and afshari, masome and kohnavard, Bahram and esmailpour, hasan and kangavari, mahdi}, title = {Workers\' health literacy in Khodro\'s piece making factory: a cross-sectional study}, abstract ={Background and aims: health literacy leads to gain capacities and necessary perception of health information and services to individuals, so that, they can take health decisions. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the workers' Health literacy in one of the Iran Khodro's piece making factory in 2015. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 157 workers of Mehrcam Pars Company in 2015 were selected using appropriate stratified random method in each workshop. Then through simple random sampling, subjects were enrolled. Questionnaire was completed by self-reporting through workers. To collect the data, Iranian adult health literacy questionnaire (HELIA) was used. Data were analyzed using the SPSS21 software. Results: The subjects, in terms of access to health information, 79% had poor access, 56.1% had poor reading skills. In terms of understanding, 77.1% weren’t in a good condition. In the evaluation, on average, half of those hadn’t adequate health literacy level and were not long enough (22.9% and 20.4% respectively). In the use of health information, 61.8% had insufficient levels of health literacy. Understanding and evaluating has a direct effect on the mean score of information.So that, the understanding and evaluating were the appropriate predictive to apply health information. Conclusion: Overall, the health literacy was inappropriate in individuals. This issue shows the more attention to health literacy in educational and interventional programs. It is necessary for this purpose, it is necessary to design and apply comprehensive program, media, and simple and understandable educational materials.}, Keywords = {Health literacy, HELIA, Work site, Labor}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {147-155}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1710-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1710-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {samadi, hossein and samadi, hamzeh}, title = {An Investigation of the Causal Pattern of the Relationships Between Spirituality at Work and Health Psychological Variables in Babol University of Medical Sciences with Application of DEMATEL Approach}, abstract ={Background and aims: Nowadays, the efficient human resource is one of the most important factors in productivity. However, spirituality at work is the underlying theme in employees' empowerment has become a key issue in health management system. This comprehensive review need to identification and explanation of many variables. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to explain the pattern of causal relationships between at work and psychological variables in Babol University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This study is cross-sectional descriptive-correlation method. The population of the study includes directors and human resource professionals in Babol Medical Sciences University, that sampling was purposive sampling. The raw data collected using questionnaires paired comparisons. Data with techniques of (DEMATEL) were analyzed. Results: According to the importance of parameters , the results of the data study showed spirituality at work (6/94) is the most important variable, and so employee's creativity (6/05) is identified as the least important variable in this causal relation. Among the variables studied, organizational climate (1/45) introduced as the most influential variable , and the employee creativity (-1/21) selects as the low influential variable, and the least amount of impact to be allocated. Conclusion: Babol University of Medical Sciences administrators can implement programs to increase spirituality and to provide a working environment full of morality and spirituality, and prepare the background for improvement in their employees' mental abilities and empowerment.}, Keywords = {Organizational Health, Organizational Climate, Employee Creativity, Organizational Entrepreneurship, Spirituality at Work}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {156-165}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1721-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1721-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Omran and Mortazavi, Seyyed Bagher and Khavanin, Ali}, title = {Selection of the optimal method for analysis of accidents in petroleum industry using fuzzy ANP and TOPSIS multi – criteria decision methods}, abstract ={Background and aims: Occurrence of accidents in the oil industry induces to the irreparable damage to human life and high value property. Understanding the causes of accidents takes place with analysis. One of the most important steps in accident analysis is a conscious selection of accident analysis method due to the existence of high variety of methods and various effective criteria. This study was carried out with the aim of selecting the optimal method for analysis of accidents in petroleum industry. Methods: A multi–criteria decision model was developed which was comprised of the Analytic Network Process to obtain the criteria weights (which was used for selection of the accident analysis method) and fuzzy TOPSIS for ranking of the accident analysis methods. Results: Based on the results, 8 criteria and 21 sub criteria were used for selection of the accident analysis method. The factors of multiple levels cause identification capability, training need and levels of analysis with final weights of 0.375, 0.168 and 0.088 (respectively) had the most important weights in method selection. Based on fuzzy TOPSIS ranking of accident analysis method, tripod beta was selected as the optimal method and other methods such as BOW tie and MTO were in subsequent priorities. Conclusion: The results showed that there were several criteria (with different weight) for selecting the optimal method of accident analysis. Based on important of criteria incorporated in the present study, the optimal method for petroleum accident analysis is Tripod beta. Incorporation of Tripod beta in combination with the other methods may be resulted in numerous benefits in accident analysis.}, Keywords = { Accident Analysis, Fuzzy ANP, Fuzzy TOPSIS}, volume = {14}, Number = {2}, pages = {166-180}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1758-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1758-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2017} }