@article{ author = {Omidvari, Manouchehr and Garedaghi, Golamrez}, title = {Presentation of Contractor Selection Model by Means of Combined DEMATEL and ANP Methods and Gray Relational Analysis by Safety Approach (A Case Study in Oil Industry)}, abstract ={Background and aims: In today’s business world, managers use outsourcing strategy as tool to establish competitive advantage and business capabilities in order to subcontract some activities and tasks to qualified contractors. Selecting the fittest contractor from qualified contractors can prevents waste of resource and keeps organizational resource. With regard to complexities, risks and conditions of oil industry, one of main criteria to select contractor in this industry is safety. In addition to such criteria as affordability, experience, specialized human resource, etc., the contractor should have acceptable health and safety executive (HSE) and appropriate performance. This study aims to determine contractor selection model by means of combined DEMATEL and ANP methods and grey relational analysis by safety approach. Methods: In this study we want to use combined DEMATEL and ANP methods and grey relational analysis approach in order to rank criteria and to select best contractor (case study in oil industry), while developing conceptual structure, we can minimize qualification and effect of assessor’s personal judgment in evaluation process and contractor selection.  Results: The results of this study show that main safety indexes to select contractor in oil industry are safety history and investment in safety sections.  Conclusion: This matter indicates (a) risks of this industry and (b) effect of safety education and effect of investment (in other sections) on performance of other sections and entire organization.  }, Keywords = {Safety, Gray Relational Analysis, GANP, GDEMATEL, Contractor Selection}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-16}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1988-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1988-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {AsilianMahabady, Hasan and Khavanin, Ali and Nakhaeipour, Mojtaba and irvani, Hasan and Aresoomandan, Somaye and Shojaeefarehabady, Hosei}, title = {Efficiency evaluation of the photocatalytic removal of toluene vapour by titanium dioxide nanoparticles immobilized on ZSM-5 zeolite}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are of environmental concern because of their adverse effects on human health. VOCs contain a large group of substances like toluene. Today application of catalytic beds is one the ways to control these kinds of emissions. In this study photocatalytic removal of toluene vapour by titanium dioxide nanoparticles immobilized on ZSM-5 zeolite have been investigated. Methods: First, the bed of ZSM-5 was prepared in the form of granules. Next, titanium dioxide nanoparticles with ratios of 5 wt% were stabilized on it. To determine their characteristics, samples were used from BET, BJH and SEM analyses. Finally, the performance of the beds in the removal of toluene vapors at two concentrations of ppm 50 and 300 ppm in the dynamical system was investigated. Results: The result of tests showed that ZSM-5 has a porous surfaces with surface area of 356.4 m2/g. That after the calcination at temperature of 450°c it decreased to 332.5m2/g. The results of the photocatalytic degradation process showed that the best performance of ZSM-5/TiO2 bed was at concentration of 50 ppm, so that was able to remove 42% toluene vapors. Conclusion: According to the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that stabilization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the ZSM-5 zeolite can be a good method to remove toluene vapors and other similar pollutants.   Keywords: Titanium dioxide (TiO2), Toluene, Photocatalytic process, ZSM-5 zeolite.}, Keywords = {Titanium dioxide (TiO2), toluene, photocatalytic process, ZSM-5 zeolite}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {17-25}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1995-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1995-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Ahmadabadi, Ali and Tavousi, Seyed Hassan and Sedaghat, Alireza and SardarAntighechi, Faezeh and KhademRezaiyan, Maji}, title = {Sleep quality in nurses of Burn ward compared to other clinical wards}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Sleep quality is defined as the perceived deep sleep. More than half of nurses have sleep disorders. The aim of this study is to compare perceived sleep quality between burn and non-burn nurses. Methods: In a cross-sectional design in Imam Reza Hospital in 2016, 55 nurses of burn ward were compared to a representative sample of other clinical wards. The validated Persian version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was filled. Data were analyzed through SPSS v. 11.5. Results: All burn nurses (55, 100%) and 96% (48) of non-burn nurses had a sleep disorder without a statistically significant difference. Only sleep efficiency was better in burn nurses (85% with no sleep disorder) compared to non-burn nurses (64% with no sleep disorder) (p=0.01). Sleep quality was significantly reduced by increasing age (r= -0.23, p=0.02) and increasing years of work history (r= -0.23, p=0.01) but not with overtime work (r=0.08, p=0.38). Conclusion: With respect to the high prevalence of sleep disorder, we believe that screening interventions should be considered in the nursing system. This approach can hopefully help in starting therapeutic interventions to reduce or even eliminate the burden of sleep disorder.   Keywords: Sleep Quality, Nurse, Clinical Ward, Pittsburgh Questionnaire  }, Keywords = {Sleep Quality, Nurse, Clinical Ward, Pittsburgh Questionnaire}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-33}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2009-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2009-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Khajavi, Saeed and EbrahimiGhavamAbadi, Leil}, title = {Study of relationship between occupational accidents risk perception Of gas stations workers in Ahvaz City with the HSE management performance in fueling stations in 2016}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Work-related accidents each year have a significant impact on workers’ productivity and ultimately the economy of the society. It is estimated that each year two million workers around the world die due to work-related accidents. And approximately 100 million occupational accidents occur each year in the world. Risk perception as a subset of safety culture shows an instant image of people safety perceptions of organization. Because, as a fact, Researches has shown that occupational accidents risk perception affected safe behavior directly and indirectly, the aim of this study was to relationship between occupational accidents risk perception of fueling stations workers with the HSE management performance in fueling Stations in Ahvaz city in 2016. Methods: By the Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) technique identified 54 occupational dangerous position in gas stations. Then, occupational accidents risk perception questionnaire on 1-5 Likert scale was distributed in 92 gas station workers. Data were analyzed using the software SPSS19. Also, HSE management performance in gas Stations evaluated by the Balance Square Card (BSC) technique that analysis and investigate the relationship between occupational accidents risk perception with the HSE management performance used multivariate linear regression analysis. Results: That results showed workers risk perception was a good level 72/2% and HSE management performance in gas Stations was a good level 65%. Finally it was found that the relationship between occupational accidents risk perception with the HSE management performance is a meaningful and positive relationship the people have a better understanding of risk and HSE management performance score will increase. Conclusion: The results obtained showed that a positive risk perception was associated with reduced risks. Also HSE management can be effective on improving workplace risk perception. This study provides a framework for strategic planning HSE Managers to protect workers and prevention occupational accidents.   Keywords: Gas station, Preliminary hazard analysis, Occupational accident, Risk perception, Balance square card, Ahvaz.}, Keywords = {Gas station, Preliminary hazard analysis, Occupational accident, Risk perception, Balance square card}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {34-46}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1999-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1999-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Rafieepour, Athena and Asgari, Mohsen and Azari, Mansour and AbbasGohari, Faezeh}, title = {The Comparison of Fourier Transform Infrared and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Techniques for Determination of Mineral Oils}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Mineral oils are petroleum derivatives used in metalworking processes. In recent years, considering the carcinogenicity of less refined mineral oil, two separate threshold limit values considered in recent years. The present study designed to compare the spectrometry methods of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and ultraviolet (UV), for analysis of mineral oil. Methods: Mineral oils in two different refinement classes were prepared from metalworking processes. Then after determination of density, two types of mineral oils were spiked into Cellulose Ester filter at the same concentration (concentration range: 10-2250µg/sample). Carbon tetrachloride and cold pentane as extraction solvent was used for FT-IR and UV, respectively. Validation parameters including precision, accuracy, detection and quantitation limit were evaluated in both methods. Results: Detectable concentration ranges of FT-IR and UV methods were close to each other. Intra-day and inter-day coefficients of variation in highly refined oil in FT-IR and UV methods was 5.04, 3.57 and 6.16, 6.01 percent, respectively, and for poorly refined oils in 5.12, 5.21 and 6.36, 6.13 percent respectively. The recovery rates of the two methods was not significantly different (p= 0.461). LOD and LOQ for highly and poorly refined mineral oils in FT-IR and UV analytical methods were 2.61, 2.22 and 7.83, 7.74, and 8.2, 7.3 and 25.84, 15.55 µg/sample, respectively. Conclusion: FT-IR compared to UV method, has higher precision for analysis of the mineral oils. According validating parameters of this study, FT-IR and UV methods can be used as an alternative to NIOSH methods in the measurement of mineral oils.   Keywords: Mineral oil, Spectroscopy, UV, FT-IR, Validation parameter.}, Keywords = {mineral oil, spectroscopy, UV, FT-IR, validation parameter}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {47-54}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2010-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2010-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Asadi, Zahra and Akbari, Hossein and Ghiyasi, Samira and Dehdashti, Alireza and MotalebiKashani, Masou}, title = {Survey of unsafe acts and its influencing factors in metal smelting industry workers in Kashan, 2016}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: The previous studies has shown high incidence of accidents and occupational injuries in metal smelting industry because of the nature of the processes. It was also found that more than 70 percent of the accidents occur due to workers' unsafe behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate and analysis of workers' unsafe acts in metal smelting industry in Kashan in 2016. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 178 Metal smelting Industry Workers. Workers' unsafe behaviors were determined by observation method using Tarannt checklist. Demographic data were collected by Self-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square-test, t-test, ANOVA and linear regression by SPSS16 software. Results: 43.23 percent out of Workers' behaviors was unsafe. The most of the unsafe behaviors was Non-use of personal protective equipment and the least of them was indiscretion. The significant differences were observed between unsafe behaviors and age, education level, smoking, work stations and safety and health training (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study showed high prevalence of unsafe acts in metal smelting industry. The most of workers 'unsafe acts was related to lack of use of personal protective equipment. Producing and distributing high-quality personal protective equipment, encouraging the use of these devices and specialized training courses in the field, can reduce workers' unsafe acts and occupational accidents effectively.   Keywords: Unsafe behavior, Occupational accidents, Metal smelting industry.}, Keywords = {Key words: Unsafe behavior, occupational accidents, Metal smelting industry}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {55-64}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2011-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2011-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {TashakorianJahromi, Alireza and Rowshan, Seyed Aligholi and Azizi, Javad and Hojatdoost, Saj}, title = {Analysis of Empowerment and Communication Skills of Hospital Staff with their Job Performance (Case Study: Beheshti Hospital- Yasouj-Iran)}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Human resource is the most important capital in any organization. It is important to review and identify factors associated with those resources that can be effective on organizational performance. This study purpose is to measure the effect of empowerment and enhancing communication skills on staffs’ job performance in Beheshti Hospital, Yasooj, Iran. Methods: This research is descriptive and based on practical purpose. The study population is consisted of all administrative staff, managers, experts and hospital nurses that its number was 150 people in 1395. Sampling was conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. PLS software and the structural equation have been used to analyze model and assumptions. Results: The results showed that empowerment and enhancing communication skills have effect on job performance significantly (p<0.05). Cronbach's alpha values of empowerment, communication skills and job performance were 0.87, 0.88 and 0.81, respectively, indicating the relationship between variables. Our proposed model was confirmed, too. Conclusion: The results showed that the transfer of job information to each other, sympathized with their work and performed it with all the quality, regarding to discipline and administrative regulations, avoid of wasting time and useless works, creating a sense of responsibility among employees and respect for colleagues, and increasing job performance.   Keywords: Empowerment, Communication skills, Job performance, Staff, Beheshti hospital.  }, Keywords = {Empowerment, Communication Skills, Job Performance, Staff, Beheshti Hospital.}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {65-75}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2026-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2026-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {jonidijafari, ahmad and baba, masoud and dowlati, mohse}, title = {Disaster Risk Assessment in Health Centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences in Functional, Non Structural & Structural Components in 2015--2016}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Disasters and events including natural and man-made disasters cause several harmful consequences in society. Health sector has an essential role in reducing deaths and injuries during disasters. Therefore, the present study was performed to study disaster safety and risk assessment in health facilities of Iran University of Medical Sciences in functional, non structural & structural components in 2015-2016. Methods: This study is cross-sectional. To conduct the study, we used Disaster Risk Assessment in Primary Health Care Facilities Guidelines and forms of recognition threatening risks, functional preparedness assessment tool, non-structural & structural vulnerability assessment tool in 214 health units covered by Iran University of Medical Sciences. After summing up the results of all centers, safety level, vulnerability and preparedness for centers were calculated as percentage. Results: Based on the results functional preparedness level in health centers for Iran University of Medical Sciences is 23%, safety of non-structural, structural elements and total safety are 27, 20 and 22 %, respectively. Also, safety level index in disaster 3 form 10 was estimated. Conclusion: According to the results current situation of disaster preparedness centers is far from the favorable level. This condition is caused by lack of coherent organization for disaster risk management, lack of sufficient funds and knowledge of this context. As a result, appropriate measures in disaster risk management, especially in increasing the understanding of disaster risk at the community and authorities level should be done.   Keywords: Disasters, Safety, Risk, Preparedness.  }, Keywords = {Disasters, Assessment, Safety, Risk, preparedness}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {76-85}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2029-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2029-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Fallahi, Majid and Motamedzade, Majid and Heidarimoghadam, Rashid and Farhadian, Maryam and Abareshi, Fateme}, title = {Subjective and objective evaluation of operators mental workload in a city traffic control center}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Modern technology has imposed more cognitive demands than physical demands to operators in most workplaces. The increase of cognitive demands in real working conditions can have negative effect on the mental health and performance of operators. This study was coducted with the aim of subjective and objective evaluation of operators’ mental workload in a city traffic control room.  Methods: In this study 16 opeartors of a traffic control center participated voluntarily. In setteled day at resting condition the physiological indices were measured for 5 minutes before the work started and after it was finished for each operator. Regarding to the city traffic density (low and high mental work conditions) the physiological indices were measured for 5 minuts in each condition. Also at the end of each condition the NASA-TLX questionaire was completed by each operator. The data were analysed using t-test and repaeated measure analysis of variance by SPSS.21 software. Results: The Results of our paired t-test showed a significant differences between the subjective responses of operators in all dimensions of NASA-TLX except for physical demand in low mental workload condition compared to high mental workload.The Findings of the repeated measures of ANOVA showed that there is a significant differences between the mean of heart rate, SDNN, RMSSD  and LF/HF ratio features by increasing difficulty of mental work compared to before and after rests among operators. Conclusion: Our finding indicated that with increasing traffic density a lot of mental load imposed to operators maybe causing mental health problem and decreasing performance among operators in future. Therfore, in the traffic control room, organizing and managing human resources based on the workload in different working conditions is recommended.   Keywords: Work load, Heart rates, NASA-Task load index, Traffic control center.}, Keywords = {Work Load, Heart Rates, NASA-Task Load Index, Traffic Control Center}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {87-98}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2033-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2033-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Qasemi, Razieh and Saremi, Mahnaz and Kavoosi, Amir}, title = {Relation between maximum aerobic capacity with cognitive ability and academic performance}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Higher education plays an important role in the development of human resources and professional expertise. However, academic failure could expose families and governments with numerous scientific, cultural and economic problems. Identification of important factors relevant to academic achievement requires further researches. Regular physical exercise is among the most important contributor of a healthy lifestyle which is known to be associated with better performance. Physical ability with intermediation of cognitive ability leads to academic achievement. This study is a step towards assessing this hypothesis by evaluating direct and indirect effects of aerobic capacity on students’ academic performance. Methods: 350 bachelor students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were participated in this study. After studying and signing consent form, they completed Faam and Taylor Academic Performance Questionnaire and accomplished complex Stroop Cognitive Test as well as Chester Step Test. Data was analyzed using "SPSS22" through path analysis. Results: Pearson correlation test showed a positive and significant relationship between physical ability with cognitive ability and academic performance. Path analysis showed that the maximum aerobic capacity had an overall causal effect of 0.505 on academic performance while its mediated effect by cognitive ability was 0.054. Conclusion: In line with previous researches, positive relationship between physical ability, cognitive ability and academic performance were approved. The maximum aerobic capacity can affect academic performace. However, if other possible intermediate variables (not yet identified) are correctly identified and located in this template, total effect coefficient of maximum aerobic capacity on academic performance will increases and consolidation of current template will promote.   Keywords: Maximum Aerobic Capacity (Vo2 max), Cognitive ability, Academic performance, students.}, Keywords = {Maximum Aerobic Capacity (Vo2 max), Cognitive ability , academic performance ,students}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {99-106}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2038-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2038-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Yseminejad, Parisa and Golmohammadian, Mohsen and Sajadi, Nasim}, title = {The effectiveness of group Multimodal counseling on burnout of Gas company employees}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: One of the major occupational issues usually in the form of institutional responses to job pressures among human service workers is job burnout. Considering the effects of burnout in organizations, study of the effectiveness of psychological therapies is necessary. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of group multimodal counseling (MMT) on burnout dimensions of a gas company employees. Methods: The research uses a semi-experimental and pre-test, post-test design with control group. Population of this study was all employees of a gas company in Kermanshah ac in 2012. To conduct this research 30 persons selected target sampling method. The samples assigned in 2 groups (control & experimental) randomly. The experimental group was provided with the 8 session’s intervention based on group multimodal counseling. The research instruments were Maslach burnout inventory. The gathered data were analyzed through MANCOVA. Results: Research findings showed that there are significant differences between experimental and control groups in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and enhancing personal performance (p<0.05). Conclusion: Whole results indicated that group multimodal counseling is effective on reducing emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and enhancing personal performance in studied employee.     Keywords: Multimodal counseling, burnout, Gas Company employee.  }, Keywords = {Multimodal counseling, burnout, Gas Company}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {107-115}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2052-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2052-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Honarbakhsh, Marzieh and Jahangiri, Mehdi}, title = {Respiratory hazards risk assessment to determine the protection factor of mask in one of the hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Employees in hospitals and healthcare centers are exposed to a wide range of respiratory contaminants, such as biological and chemical contaminants. To protect employees against these hazards, it is necessary to use respiratory masks with appropriate protection factor. This study aimed to assess respiratory hazards risk to determine the protection factor of mask in one of the hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, initially Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) method was used to determine the groups and job duties including respiratory protection program. Then, protection factor of the required respiratory masks in the jobs including respiratory protection program was determined by the recommended method by Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST). REsults: The results of this study showed that for the present number of respiratory contaminants in the hospital, N95/FFP2 respirators have not sufficiently degree of protection and it is essential to use respirators with higher protection factor such as full face PAPR (Powered Air-Purifying Respirator) or have helmet/hood with cartridge A1B1P3. Conclusion: In situations where there is no possibility to measure and evaluate respiratory contaminants, especially biological contaminants that have no standard measurement methods and occupational exposure limit, using the qualitative (semi-quantitative) method presented by IRSST can be effective in determining the protection factor of mask and the type of respiratory mask.   Keywords: Risk assessment, Protection factor, Mask, Respiratory hazards, Hospital.  }, Keywords = {Risk assessment, Protection factor, Mask, Respiratory hazards, Hospital}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {116-125}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2059-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2059-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {SafariVariani, Ali and Ahmadi, Saeid and Zare, Sajad and zaroshani, Vyda and Ghorbanideh, Masoume}, title = {Water pump noise control using designed acoustic curtains in a residential building of Qazvin city}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Using water pump in residential buildings to provide the required water pressure is accompanied by noise pollution and the annoyance of residents. So, the purpose of this study is to reduce water pump noise pollution with designed acoustic curtains in a residential building of Qazvin city. Methods: The mean sound pressure level was measured before and after control intervention around the sound source based on ISO 9612, using the sound level meter (Casella-Cell.450). The sound level meter was calibrated using a calibrator (Cell-110/2). The frequency analysis was done in 1.1 octave band and the weighting frequency of A. Acoustical features of acoustic curtains (thickness, material and dimensions)were determined on the base of required sound transmission loss in predominant frequency. The volumetric flow of air required to decrease the temperature inside the enclosure up to 40°C to maintain a reasonable air temperature for pump performance was calculated using the energy-mass conservation law. Temperature inside the enclosure was measured with a mercuric thermometer. Results: The mean sound pressure level before and after control around the pump was measured 67 dBA and 46 dBA respectively. The required insertion loss in predominant frequency(2000 Hz) to accommodate noise limit in residential buildings was considered to be 26 dB and based on which acoustic curtain surface density was calculated between. The average sound pressure level measured after control (46dBA) with predicted sound pressure level by mathematical calculation after control (47dBA) was not significantly different. The volumetric flow rate required to maintain a temperature of 40°C inside the enclosure was calculated to be 1.2 cubic meters per minute. The temperature was measured inside the enclosure of 38°C. Conclusion: Control of noise pollution using acoustic curtains with a lower cost and weight, higher installation speed and higher sealing can be considered as one of the proper methods for enclosing noise resources.   Keywords: Noise pollution, Water pump, Acoustic curtains, Noise control.}, Keywords = {Noise Pollution, Water pump, Acoustic curtains,Noise control}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {126-134}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2060-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2060-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Nassiri, Parvin and Monazzam, Mohammad Reza and Golbabaei, Farideh and Shamsipour, Aliakbar and Arabalibeik, Hossein and Mortezapour, Ali Reza and teimori, GholamHeidar and asghari, mehdi}, title = {Applicability of Modified discomfort index (MDI) in Outdoor occupational environments: a case study of an open pit mines in Tehran Province}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Regarding development of several thermal indices and limitations of these indexes, in this research we were examined the applicability and validity of Modified discomfort index (MDI) in Outdoor occupational environments. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 175 subjects in summer (2016) in 12 mines construction materials of Tehran Province. Environmental and Physiological parameters (oral temperature, tympanic temperature and skin temperature) were measured simultaneously at three periods; also Modified discomfort index (MDI) together with three other Direct Indices include Wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), Oxford index (WD) and Wet-bulb dry temperature (WBDT) were calculated. For survey of applicability and validity of Modified discomfort index, the correlation between this index and other Direct Indices at different times of day with Physiological parameters was determined through the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed that MDI index had more correlation with environmental parameters dry bulb temperature (r=0.918, p<0.001) and relative humidity (r=0.43, p<0.001), also very high correlation coefficient with wet-bulb temperature and black-globe temperature (r>0.88, p<0.001). Among the thermal indices used in this study, MDI index had more correlation coefficient with three other indices. On the other hand; MDI had the highest correlation coefficient with oral temperature (r=0.508, p<0.001) and the higher correlation with the tympanic and skin temperature after the WBGT index. In all cases, there was a very good correlation between MDI and other indicators at different times of day. Conclusion: It can be concluded that MDI, despite being simple, lack of need for sophisticated equipment to measure, having a high correlation with physiological parameters, low cost and easy interpretation can be used as substitute for the WBGT index in the range of temperature and humidity study.   Keywords: Heat stress, Direct indices, Modified discomfort index, Physiological parameters, Open-pit mines.}, Keywords = {Heat stress, Direct Indices, Modified discomfort index, Physiological parameters, Open-pit mines}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {135-145}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2063-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2063-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Evaluation of occupational exposure to para-phenylenediamine (PPD) in the inhaled air and environmental factors affect women hairdressing Sari}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Hairdressers, because of using hair dyes, are exposed to PPD that endanger their health. Measuring the concentration of PPD is an assured way to measure the PPD rate. PPD causes leukemia and other blood disorders. PPD acute poisoning leads to respiratory distress, rhabdomyolysis, muscle necrosis and renal failure, severe edema of the face and neck, increased serum lactate deshydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase. The aim of this study is to measure Sari hairdressers’ risk of exposure to PPD and the affecting factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study which was conducted in September 2016, samples were taken from 47 barbers in a health center in districy 3 in Tehran. To measure the PPD, a three-piece cassettes sampler was used, and the samples were analyzed by HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography). The Kata thermometer was used to measure PPD’s affecting factors such as air flow rate and the thermo-hydrometer was used to measure air temperature, and humidity. Data analysis was based on regression analysis, independent test and Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact test. The significance level was considered as p<0.05. Results: PPD average concentration of samples was 1.89%±0.00093. The PPD concentration was significantly associated with hairdresser’s ambient humidity (p<0.001, r=0.36). The relationship between work space and concentrations of PPD was significant (p<0.001, r=0.32). Association between PPD’s concentration and the number of operators was statistically significant (p<0.022, r=0.24). The relationship between the concentration of PPD with drying temperature, flow rate, ventilation, and local exhaust ventilation was not significant. Conclusion: The average concentration of PPD is lower than OSHA limit. Using gloves, local exhaust ventilation, glasses, and splash goggle could be a method of prevention for barbers.   Keywords: Para-Phenylenediamine (PPD), Inhaled air, Hairdressers.  }, Keywords = {para-phenylenediamine (PPD) , Inhaled air , Hairdressers}, volume = {15}, Number = {1}, pages = {146-154}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2067-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2067-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Asadollahi, Soudabeh and Dianat, Iman and Nedaei, Moei}, title = {Effects of handle shape of sewing scissors on user performance, tool usability and hand and finger discomfort}, abstract ={Background and aims: Despite automation, still many occupations require the use of hand tools in their routine activities. Scissors are essential tools for many workers in different occupations such as sewing and clothes making.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three re-designed models of sewing scissors (models A, B and C) on user performance, tool usability and hand and finger discomfort, and to compare their performances against those with traditional sewing scissors (model D). Methods: The prototype sewing scissors were designed based on the results of a pilot study and general ergonomic design principles. Modifications were made to the tool handle so that the model A had a bent-handle, thumb-ring was located closer to the pivot in model B, and the original oval ring was changed to a hook shaped handle in model C. User performance was measured using simultaneous recording of the task completion time and error rate, usability was evaluated using system usability scale (SUS) and hand and finger discomfort was evaluated using a hand map and severity scale. Results: The results showed significant effect of handle shape on user performance (p < 0.001), tool usability (p < 0.001) and hand and finger discomfort (p < 0.01). User performance was better while working with sewing scissors models B and C than with other models (p < 0.01). SUS scores recorded for scissors model B (p < 0.01) and model C (p < 0.05) were significantly higher that recorded for the traditional model. Working with the traditional scissors and scissors model A caused more hand and finger discomfort in the hypothenar and lower part of the thumb than other models.        Conclusion: Generally, scissors models B and C were comparable and caused some improvements in user performance, tool usability and reduced hand and finger discomfort compared to the traditional model, while no improvement was observed with scissors model A in this regard.}, Keywords = {sewing scissors, hand tools, performance, usability, discomfort }, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1923-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1923-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {MonazamEsmaeelpour, Mohammadreza and Shoja, Esmaeil and Zakeriyan, Seysd Abolfazl and RahimiForoushani, Abbas and Gharaee, Masoumeh}, title = {The effect of whole body vibration (WBV) on discomfort, heart rate and reaction time in men 20 to 30 years}, abstract ={Background and aims: Whole-body vibration is one of the major factors that cause human discomfort and physiological reactions in industrial environments or vehicles. This study aimed in a laboratory environment to investigate the effect of whole body vibration on   human discomfort, heart rate and reaction time in men 20 to 30 years old.  Methods:  40 Male students in Tehran University of Medical Sciences with     26.2± 1.7 years mean of age are participated in this study. All of participants were studied in   4 stages for 20 minutes in four vibration accelerations in x, y and z axis and frequency of 3 to7 Hz including without vibration, 0.56 m/s2, 0.9 m/s2 and 1.25 m/s2 that was produced with vibration simulator. At each stage, a computerized visual reaction time test was taken and reaction times were measured for test and their Heart rate was also recorded using pulse oximetry. At the end of each stage the subjects were given 15 minutes to rest and their discomfort was rated during this time. Results:  The results of this study showed that with increasing whole body vibration acceleration, discomfort rate (P<0.001) increase significantly. Also with increasing whole body vibration acceleration, heart rate (P<0.001) and reaction time (P<0.001) increase significantly. Conclusion: The results showed that whole body vibration is a factor that affects human physiological and subjective functions. Hence, attending to level of vibration transmitted to human in vibrant environments have an important role in decreasing human discomfort and reducing reaction time in quick and sensitive activities.}, Keywords = {Discomfort, Whole body vibration, Reaction time, Heart rate}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {10-20}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1869-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1869-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Taheri, Fereshteh and Saremi, Mahnaz and FaghihniaTorshizi, Yoosef}, title = {The validity and reliability of the Persian version of cognitive features questionnaire of symbolic signs (with the use of traffic signs)}, abstract ={Background and aims: The Symbolic signs are important tools, designed to convey a message and can transmit a lot of information to the viewer at a glance. Understanding of symptoms is very important especially when they transmit safety information. Signs and symbols have characteristics which affect understanding of them. McDougall et all) 1996(introduced the five key cognitive features of symbolic signs including: concreteness, complexity, meaningfulness, familiarity and semantic distance. This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Persian version of McDougall questionnaire for assessing cognitive features of traffic signs. Methods: The original questionnaire was translated from English to Persian by method of Backward-Forward. 8 experts helped to determine the face validity of the questionnaire .For Content Validity Ratio and Content Validity Index, Lavshy and waltz-Basel methods were considered and also Scale-level Content Validity Index was determined. The questionnaire was designed for 25 signs and 80 subjects participated in this study. The participants subjectively rated five features of each sign from 0 to 100. The reliability and internal consistency of questionnaire were defined by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Finally, using test–retest and intra-cluster correlation index, stability of questionnaire was reached. Results: All questions of cognitive characteristics questionnaire had score higher than the acceptable content validity ratio and completely accepted. Content validity index of questionnaire for all the questions were above 0.79 or acceptable score. Scale-level Content Validity Index was 0.928. Inter-cluster correlation index was 0.995 and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was equal to 0.922. Conclusion: This study showed that the Persian version of cognitive sign features is a reliable tool for evaluating of cognitive features which has high reliability and validity and can be used in the evaluation of cognitive features of traffic signs and the other symbolic signs.}, Keywords = {validity, reliability, cognitive characteristics, traffic signs}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {21-30}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1931-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1931-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {hahsemi, Zahra and parvari, roh allah and mirzaeian, razieh}, title = {Identification the major sources of noise and noise control techniques in hospitals of Behbahan}, abstract ={background and aims: Hospital acoustics, noisy equipment and people have adversely impacts on patient’s physical and mental health. This paper aims to identify the major sources of noise and noise control techniques in hospitals of Behbahan Methods: Noise measurement was done according to ISO9612 at designated stations. Equivalent sound pressure levels were measured at 243 measuring stations in 30 minute intervals.  The validated questionnaire was completed for the evaluation of major sources noise among 158 staffs. The Data with SPSS and EXCEL were analyzed.  Finally were provided practical suggestions for noise control Results: The results showed that the maximum equivalent sound levels were 65.8 dB (A), 61.65 dB (A), and 71.1 dB (A) at the Shahid zade, Faride behbahani and Tamin Ejtemaee hospitals respectively. In this paper we shall consider the main source of noise pollution  in hospitals were staff and clients, sound of doors, and air conditioning, medical equipment and furniture and beds Conclusion: This work try to put forward some possible solutions including: Indoor planning, selection of suitable materials, noise control both inside and outside buildings.}, Keywords = {Noise pollution - Hospital, Noise sources, Noise Control}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {31-41}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1438-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1438-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Shahabi-Rabori, Mohammad Ali and Eftekhar-Vaghefi, Seyed Hassan and Babaee, Abdolreza and Seyedi, Fatemeh}, title = {Assessment of the match of Anthropometric Dimension with Classroom chairs and ‎Determination of the Standard Classroom chairs Dimensions in Students of 3th and 6th ‎grades primary schools in Kerman}, abstract ={Background and aims: Sitting on an unfitted chair can cause disorders of musculoskeletal system. In this study we investigated to determine the match of anthropometric dimension with classroom chairs in the students of 3ed and 6th grades primary school and finally offer the best dimension of the classroom chairs. Methods: 572 primary schools students (male and female) were attended in this study which 275 and 297 of them were in 3ed and 6th grade respectively. Some of anthropometric dimensions such as shoulder height, elbow height, popliteal height, popliteal - buttock length and buttock breath were measured. Then anthropometric dimensions were compared with seats dimensions and the appropriate seat dimensions were offered. Results: results showed all of the seat dimensions were larger than the anthropometric dimensions in the 3ed students. Also in the 6th grade students only seat height were match with popliteal height 85.3 and 84.5% in the girls and boys student respectively. Back rest height and seat depth were the larger while armrest height and seat width were the smaller than the students physical dimensions. Conclusion: According to the differences in the body dimensions of the third and sixth grade students there are a little difference in the size of their seats. All of the seat dimensions are larger than the anthropometric dimensions in the 3ed students. By reducing of the seat’s size, in addition to the decreasing in the production fee, we can increase match between students’ anthropometric dimensions and seats’ dimensions.}, Keywords = {Ergonomy, Anthropometry, seat, Primary students}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {42-53}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1864-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1864-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Noroozi, Ali and Abdolshah, Mohhamm}, title = {A structural model of affecting factors on job stress with the mediating role of depression (Case Study: The employees of Golestan’s gas corporation)}, abstract ={Background and aims: Many investigations with the aim of studying the affecting factor on job stress (JS) were conducted. But it can't be find a study attempted to investigate the impact of Quality of Work Life (QWL), General Health (GH), Physical Activity (PA) and Depression (DE) on Job Stress using Structural equation modeling (SEM). So the aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between QWL, GH, PA and JS with the mediating role of DE. Methods: Methodology was descriptive- correlation and the Data was collected with standard questionnaire that the validity and reliability of them was approved. The Statistical society consist of all the employees of Golestan Gas Corporation that total number of them is 853. So number of 310 of them were selected as statistical sample with classified sampling method.  For analyzing data, the SPSS v24 and AMOS v24 was used. Results: The SEM result shows that there is a significant relationship between QWL, PA and DE with JB (P<0.05).  As the same, the relation between QWL, GH, and PA with DE was significant (P<0.05). Moreover the SEM result showed that DE is a mediator in the relationship between QWL and GH with JS. Conclusion: As the DE mediation effect was approved in this study, the organization can help to decrease the positive effect of QWL and GH on JS through decreasing employees DE and it finally leads to decreasing the level of JS. }, Keywords = {Job Stress, Depression. Quality of Work Life, General Health, Physical Activity}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {54-63}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1962-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1962-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Ahmadloo, Maryam and Zeinali, Ali}, title = {Predicting of emotional divorce based on novelty seeking, negative perfectionism and insecure attachment among employed women of Urmia city}, abstract ={Background and aims: Emotional divorce is one of the major threats to family breakdown, so it is important to understanding the factors influencing it. Present research aimed to predicting emotional divorce based on variety seeking, negative perfectionism and insecure attachment among employed women. Methods: This was a descriptive study from type of correlation. The population included all employed married women in governmental offices of Urmia city in 2015 year. Totally 267 person were selected through multistep cluster sampling method and completed the questionnaires of emotional divorce, variety seeking, negative perfectionism and insecure attachment. Data was analyzed with using of SPSS-19 software and by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with stepwise. Results: Finding showed a positive and significant relation between variety seeking (r=0/44), negative perfectionism (r=0/36) and insecure attachment (r=0/18) with emotional divorce of employed women. Also the variables of variety seeking, negative perfectionism and insecure attachment significantly can predict 33/6 percent of variance of emotional divorce among employed women (p<0/01). Conclusion: The results indicated the importance of the variables of variety seeking, negative perfectionism and insecure attachment in predicting the emotional divorce of employed women. Therefore to planning for the prevention of emotional divorce, especially in employed women should be considered the role of mentioned variables.  }, Keywords = {Emotional divorce, novelty seeking, negative perfectionism, insecure attachment, employed women.}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {64-72}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1979-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1979-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {irvani, hassan and jafari, mohhamad javad and zendehdel, rezvan and khodakarim, soheila and Shojaeefarehabady, Hosei}, title = {study of Photocatalytic Removal of toluene vapor using Zeolite Y impregnated with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle}, abstract ={    Background and aims: With the increasing air pollution to volatile organic compounds, in critical demand of a new environmentally, friendly technologies to remove these contaminants from the air stream is of interest to everyone. Photocatalytic processes, including processes, are considered, radiation may be in the future as a new and promising technology used for the removal of vapors volatile organic solvents from the air stream.The aim of this study photocatalytic removal of toluene vapors using zeolite Y is impregnated with nanoparticles of titanium dioxide. Methods: after preparing raw equipment and materials, first titanium dioxide nanoparticles loaded on the substrate of zeolite by wet impregnation method and two grams of the bed was placed in a reactor equipped with UV radiation.Then to help Construction concentration dynamic system, concentrations of 50, 150 and 300 ppm of toluene was prepared and injected into the reactor at the flow rate of 1 liter per minute. In the final stage, By measuring the inlet and outlet of the reactor concentration, The Absorption and removal efficiency of photocatalytic bed prepared were investigated. Results: photos and graphs obtained through XRD and SEM-EDAX showed that the nanoparticles are well sitting on the outer surface and pores bed. On the other hand, In determining bed performance turned out, By increasing the concentration of 50 to 300 ppm of toluene, bed photocatalytic removal efficiency was decreased, And also the removal efficiency at 50, 150 and 300 ppm, respectively 50, 48 and 20 percent, Was obtained. Conclusion: The results indicated that use of zeolite is impregnated with nanoparticles of titanium dioxide not suitable for the removal of VOCs from the air stream is, especially in concentrations of 50 to 150 ppm, And given its low operating costs compared to other methods of the catalyst It is recommended that additional studies be conducted in this field.}, Keywords = {toluene, photocatalyst removal, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, zeolite Y}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {73-89}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2018-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2018-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {farazi, fariba and khamesan, ahmad and Shahabizadeh, Fatemeh}, title = {The Relationship Between family needs & job motivation with job stress هn the staff of Birjand University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Background and aims: The jobs are an important part of human life and, in the era of new technology in the world, there are various stresses that some are related to the work environment. Therefore, job stress can negatively affect employees’ physical and mental health. This study was conducted aimed to investigate the relationship between family needs and job motivation with job stress. Methods: study was descriptive and correlational. By using stratified random sampling, 300 participants among the staff of Birjand University of Medical Sciences were selected. With three questionnaires the research variables measured: family needs, job motivation and job stress. The data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. Results: The results of the regression analysis showed from the family needs, the needs for psychological services, social security, training and affection, and from the dimensions of job motivation, external demotivation predict significantly 22% of an employee's job stress variance. Conclusion: The results showed family needs and job motivation have an important role in predicting job stress. Therefore, the job stress could be reduced by resolving the employees' family needs and making motivation.}, Keywords = {family needs, job motivation, job stress}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {90-100}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1994-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1994-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Tahanian, Mansor and Jouybari, Leila and Vakil, Mohamad Ali and Sanagoo, Akram and Haghdust, Zeynab}, title = {The Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Sleep Quality and Fatigue among Pre-Hospital Emergency Staff in the Center of Management of Accident and Medical Emergency in Golestan Province}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Poor sleep and fatigue are common problems among the pre-hospital emergency staff. Pre-hospital personnel shift work can have negative effects on job performance, sleep quality, physical health, mental health, drug consumption, and job stress. One of the complementary and nonpharmacologic interventions to reduce sleep disturbances and fatigue is progressive muscular relaxation. Few studies carried on sleep and fatigue in pre-hospital emergency personnel. This study aimed to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on sleep quality and fatigue of pre-hospital emergencies’ staff. Methods: This interventional study (2015) was conducted among the Pre-hospital emergency staff at Center of Accident and Medical emergencies in Golestan province. From the pre-hospital personnel with poor quality of sleep (>5) 72 of them were selected with simple random sampling method and were allocated into the intervention and control groups. In the intervention group the participants practiced progressive muscle relaxation technique twice a day for 45 days. The control group received no special action. Before and after the intervention using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality and fatigue questionnaire, the quality of sleep and fatigue were examined and compared. The data were analyzed by statistical tests at significance level p<0.05. Results: There was a significant difference between the score of sleep quality and fatigue of pre-hospital personnel in the experimental and control groups before and after the intervention (P<0.001). In the experimental group and after progressive muscle relaxation, sleep quality score decreased from 11.63 ± 2.57 to 3.53±1.63 and fatigue score also reduced from of 51.97±11.59 to 31.5± 5.04(P<0.001). In the control group the score of sleep quality changed from 10.69±2.35 to 9.27± 2.77 and fatigue score increased from 49.33±12.07 to 58.66± 8.6 (P<0.001). Conclusion: Daily progressive muscle relaxation exercises reduced fatigue and improved sleep quality in the pre-hospital emergency staff. Hence, muscular relaxation as a cost effectiveness and easy to learn technique can be apply for the mentioned issues among pre-hospital personnel. Keywords: Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Sleep, Fatigue, Emergency, Hospital, Staff    }, Keywords = { Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Sleep, Fatigue, Emergency, Hospital, Staff}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {101-110}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2054-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2054-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Nassiri, Parvin and Monazzam, Mohammad Reza and Golbabaei, Farideh and Abbasinia, Marzieh and Chavoshi, Masumeh and Taheri, Fereshteh and Asghari, Mehdi}, title = {Exposure to heat stress in the workplace: a systematic review study}, abstract ={Background:and aims Working in hot environments is one of the common physical risks factor in the workplace, which can also cause heat-related illnesses and various health effects on workers, and also increasing the risk of injuries and occupational accidents. The purpose of this paper is review conducted studies about heat stress in different countries, investigation the indices of heat stress, the characteristics of the exposure in hot environments, high-risk occupations, and sutvey the status and importance of these studies. Methods: In this review study used Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Iran Medex, Magiran, Google Scholar and SID databases. The keywordsincluded Heat stress, heat exposure, heat waves, workplace, knowledge and attitude of workers about heat stress, the period of 2000 to 2015 was investigated, and finally 103 original articles were identifed. Results: 90% of all study being cross-sectional studies, 41% being related to outdoor workplaces, and 42% being related to indoor environment. Most studies were carried out in the tropical zones.19 studies were about perceptions and behavioural responses of exposure to heat stress.A range of heat indices were used with 60 (71%) studies using Wet Bulb Globe Temperature Index (WBGT). Most of studied focused on manufacturing workers and farmers. Most of studies indicated that workers were suffering from heat stress and strain. Conclusion: The results of studies showed that stress in workplace is worrying due to the nature of the working processes both indoor and outdoor, and of climate change. Therefore it is necessary to considering preventive and control programs to reduce the heat stress by the management and staff's participation to eliminate or reduce its lethal effects.}, Keywords = {Heat stress, Heat strain, Heat stress indices, Workplace, Exposure to heat stress }, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {118-128}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2093-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2093-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Ghadampour, Ezatollah and KhaliliGeshnigani, Zahra and Alipour, Kobr}, title = {The relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational Virtue with the role of mediator work-related flow in Lorestan University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: Today, the importance of research in the field of organizational virtuosity is of great importance with the new approaches to positive psychology in the field of work and the role that organizational virtue plays in the cultivation of emotions and positive interactions in organizations. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational Virtue with the role of mediator work-related flow  in Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: The present study was correlational structural equation modeling. The study population included all employees of the lorestan University of Medical Sciences in 1395 that 230 of them stratified sampling based on Cochran formula were chosen. Data collection tools include questionnaires, psychological empowerment Spritzer and Mishra, work-related flow Baker and organizational Virtue Cameron et all. To analyze the data, correlation and fit indices were used or the use of spss and amos software version 18 was used. Results: This model was evaluated using structural equation modeling. The results showed a positive and significant effect  psychological empowerment  on work-related flow and organizational Virtue. The work-related flow  significantly positive effect on organizational  Virtue (P<0/01). It was found that psychological empowerment has only a direct impact on organizational virtue. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that psychological empowerment and work-related fascination are good predictive factors for organizational virtue; psychological empowerment and work-related fascination make people more responsible in the organization and To increase their positive interactions to enhance organizational excellence, the organization should provide the necessary field for training and strengthening these variables. Keyword: Psychological empowerment, work-related flow, organizational Virtue .}, Keywords = {Psychological empowerment, work-related flow, organizational Virtue .}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {129-141}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2025-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2025-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {veiskarami, akbar and Shamsi, Mohsen and Roozbahani, Nasrin and Ranjbaran, Mehdi}, title = {Investigation effect of education based on Health Belief Model on adoption of Varicose vein preventive behaviors in nurses}, abstract ={Background and aim : Professional nursing is a high risk of developing varicose leg. Threfore the aim of this study was to determine the effect of education based on health belief model on preventive behaviors of Varicose vein in nurses. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study that was carried out on 100 nurses were selected and divided randomly into two case and control groups. Participants in two stages (before and three months after treatment) were tested. Educational intervention through lectures, question and answer booklets were held. Data ghathering with questionnaire was a researcher made based on the health belief model and the data were analyzed with the use of statistical tests chi-suare, T-test, T-paredtest. Results: Funding showed that 3 months after intervention, construct of health belief model significant difference in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The mean performance score in case groups of 20 to 42 found a significant improvement (p<0.05). Conclusion: The based on results of this study showed that an educational program Health Belief Model and activity education on the adoption of preventive behaviors among nurses Varicose vein effective, so that it is suggested training programs based on behavioral theory of alternative training programs is routine. Moreover the prevention techniques in the form of academic courses, educational content such as posters and films, holding conferences for the prevention of varicose veins.    }, Keywords = {Health Belief Model, Varicose, Intervention, Preventive behaviors}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {142-152}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2105-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2105-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Soleimani, Roghayeh and Vosoughi, Shahram and Hejazi, Taha-Hossein and Mahdloo, Fatemeh}, title = {Study of relationship between Safety attitude and knowledge and The work ability index (A case study in one of the big hospitals in Tehran)}, abstract ={Background and aims: Knowledge of safety attitude is very important for managers of organizations, because it can be used to predict their employee safety behaviors. In this way, a further exploration about safety attitude and knowledge of workers as well as the relationship among the affecting factors is required. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between safety attitude and knowledge of workers and WAI in one of the large hospitals in Tehran.  Methods: The research is cross-sectional and has been used of a random sampling method by a sample size of 340 people. In order to measure of safety attitudes and knowledge, Kumar questionnaire has been used, and the Occupational Safety and Health Institute of Finland WAI questionnaire has been used to evaluate WAI. Data analyses are also performed using SPSS 22 statistical analysis package. Results: This study showed that mean of safety attitude and knowledge is 6.1 ± 39.7, and most people (45.3%) are in the category of good WAI. Also, with increasing age and work experience, safety attitude and knowledge and work ability index is reduced. There was no significant relationship between education and work shifts and the safety attitude and knowledge and WAI. Occupational health and safety training courses, increase safety knowledge and attitude and work ability index. Conclusion: WAI has a significant relationship and direct and severe correlation with safety knowledge and attitude. Also educational courses in the field of occupational safety and health can be enhanced employee safety attitudes and knowledge toward safety.}, Keywords = { Safety, attitudes, knowledge, work ability index, hospitals, WAI}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {153-163}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2051-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2051-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Kermani, Majid and Farzadkia, Mahdi and RezaeiKalantari, Roshanak and Bahmani, Zohreh}, title = {Assessment risk of heavy metals in particulate matter smaller than 10 microns on Tehran\'s Kahrizak compost Complex worker in winter 2016}, abstract ={  Background and aims: Particles in the Breathing air composting Complex because of the diversity of waste, are Carrying dangerous chemicals compound such as metals. The aim of this study was determine the sources and health risk assessment of metals. Methods: In order to measuring the particle, frm OMNITM Ambient Air Sampler was used. Sampling in the months of February and March 2016 was performed in Processing, aeration and filtration sites. For analysis of heavy metals and sources determined, ICP1-AES and Enrichment factor were used respectively Results: In this study the average concentration of PM10 particles in Processing, Refinery and aerated Site were 1291, 3557,143 µg/ m3 respectively. The highest concentrations of metal in PM10 particles of aluminum and iron, 73.07, 44.71 µg/ m3 for refining site was obtained respectively. In this study, the additional cancer risks of metals, in refining, processing and aeration was found respectively and all of the cancer risk was higher than the limit set by the Environmental Protection Agency. Conclusion: The results of this study show that due to the lack of information in the field of measuring particle concentrations on composting in order to study the effects of pollutants on those exposed, investigations of Monitoring study in different parts of the composting facility is necessary.  }, Keywords = {Composting facilities, metals, risk assessment, particulate matter}, volume = {15}, Number = {2}, pages = {164-175}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2136-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2136-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Marzban, Mostaf}, title = {Hydraulic modeling the fire network of a combined cycle power with the approach of evaluating and analyzing the performance of fire extinguishing systems}, abstract ={Background and aims: Providing the adequate flow and water pressure in the firefighting network of the power plants requires the proper design and analysis of the firefighting system. This study aimed to model and hydraulic analysis the fire network in a combined cycle power plant to determine the network efficiency in the extinguishing of the possible fire. Methods: In the present study, the amount of water needed for firefighting network was estimated for different sections of the power plant according to NFPA standard. Then, based on general piping maps, isometric, and technical specifications of the site, network modeling was done using WaterGEMS software. Finally, the network efficiency was analyzed to provide flow and water pressure in three possible scenarios. Results: The results of this study showed that the network and pumping station could provide pressure and water flow for cooling and foam production to extinguish the small and medium-sized fire. In special circumstances and with the occurrence of extensive fire, such as the advent of fire in all fuel tanks, the pressure in the network is reduced to 3.6 bar and the pressure to extinguish, spray water, and the foam is not supplied. In other words, the system will not have acceptable performance in large fire extinguishing. Conclusion: Hydraulic modeling of the fire network using WaterGEMS software, in addition to identifying the defects of the fire extinguishing system, it can provide the ability to analyze and design the network to deal with the consequences of fire in industrial environments during crisis situations properly.  }, Keywords = {Modeling, Hydraulic analysis, Firefighting network, WATER GEMS, power plant}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-10}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2085-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2085-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {SafariVariani, Ali and ahmadi, saeid and zare, sajad and Beheshti, Atefe Sadat and HeidariAbdolahi, Fatemeh and Zaroushani, Vi}, title = {Air blow guns noise reduction through design and fabrication of a multiple jet nozzle}, abstract ={Background and aims: Discharging compressed air through conventional single jet nozzles or open pipes is a common jet noise in industry. This study is aimed to reduce air blow gun jet noise by designing and fabrication of multiple jet nozzle as a substitute for conventional single jet nozzles.  Methods: One of the most common commercial air blow gun equipped with a conventional single jet nozzles was considered as a reference. An air Nozzle’s three dimensional model with multiple and smaller openings was designed by solid works software and the designed sketch was fabricated by a three dimensional printer. Noise measurement was made by a Cassella Cell 450 sound level meter with one octave band analyzer. Noise absorption foams were applied to mitigate noise reflection in the testing environment. Air thrust was measured using a digital scale that was placed 30 cm away from nozzle tips. Results: Multiple jet nozzle’s sound pressure level was measured significantly lower than conventional nozzle’s sound pressure level (P Value <0.04). Multiple jet and conventional nozzle’s average sound pressure level in various angles from nozzle axis (30, 90 and 135 degree) was measured to be 75, 76, 76 dB A and 78, 83.3 ,86.3 dB A in pressures of 2,4 and 6 bar respectively. Multiple jet nozzle’s noise reduction in frequencies higher than 500 Hz was significant in comparison with conventional nozzles. Conventional and multiple jet nozzle’s average air thrust in pressures of 2,4 and 6 Bar was measured to be 1.39 and 1.19 N respectively and there was no significant relationship between air thrusts (P Value = 0.7). Conclusion: Multiple jet nozzle with lower noise and the air thrust that is approximately equal to single jet nozzle, can be considered as an appropriate alternative for noise reduction in air blow guns.  }, Keywords = {Jet noise, Single jet nozzle, Multiple jet nozzle, Air blow gun, Noise reduction}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {11-18}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2058-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2058-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Amirbahmani, Ahad and Vosoughi, Shahram and Alibabaei, Ahm}, title = {Assessment of the Relationship between worker’s safety climate and safety performance in construction projects}, abstract ={Background and aims: In spite of industrial safety’s developments in Iran, construction safety is not in desirable level and needs to be evaluated from different aspects. The aim of this study was to evaluate safety climate structure in construction projects and its effect on safety performance and accidents frequency rate. Methods: This study was conducted at 4 construction projects. Safety climate measured using a validated safety climate questionnaire between 226 workers of these projects. Safety and health performance evaluated using the method of south pars Gas Company’s tool that consists of several safety and health items that are important in construction. Safety climate structure was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis. The relation between safety climate factors, safety performance dimensions and accidents frequency rate evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: 31 variables of the main questionnaire formed 8. Total safety climate score, had positive significant correlation with Dimention2 (Section one of safety level assessment). Other correlations between safety climate factors and safety performance dimensions in spite of being high were not significant. There was s negative significant correlation between total safety climate score, safety rules awareness factor, rules and regulations factor and Accidents frequency rate. Conclusion: According the results of this research, safety climate and safety performance was related in construction projects. Factors 1 (Safety rules and regulations knowledge) and factor 7 (Safety rules and regulations) had more importance in work place’s safety and improved performance in this factors was associated with reduction in accidents. This study showed that 6 dimensions of Gas Company’s tool for safety performance assessment can be used in construction projects.}, Keywords = {Safety Climate, Safety Performance, Construction industry, Accident rate}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {19-30}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1960-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1960-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {}, title = {The Association Between Sleep Duration and Quality of life: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Large Sample of Isfahan Steal Company\'s Employees}, abstract ={Background and aims: Investigating the quality of life and its determinants provides a general prospective about the health status and contributes in health planning. The present study aimed at investigating the relationship between sleep duration and quality of life, adjusting for the impacts of important confounders, in Isfahan steal company's employees. Methods: In a cross-sectional study in 2016, 3063 people of Isfahan steal company's employees were selected through multistage cluster sampling and investigated. Required Information were obtained by EQ-5D questionnaire for evaluating quality of life, IPAQ Questionnaire for evaluating physical activity examination, job stress Questionnaire for evaluating job stress and demographic characteristics of study participants. Latent class regression with Mplus7 software was used for data analysis. Results: mean (SD) age (year) and sleep duration (hour) of participants were 36.74 (7.31) and 7.11 (1.17) respectively, and 91.5% were male. in terms of quality of life, results of fitting LCR with 2 classes indicated that 79.7% and remaining were being in high and low quality of life classes, respectively. A direct significant association was found between sleep duration and quality of life. In crude model, odds ratio (OR): 1.2 (95% CI for OR: 1.12 - 1.3). after adjusting for potential confounding variables the observed association was remained statistically significant, OR: 1.2 (95% CI for OR: 1.1 – 1.3), indicating an hour increase in sleep duration, increase 20% odds of beings in high quality of life class. Conclusion: through improving the lifestyle, quality of life and life satisfaction would be increase; so identifying the impact of factors related to quality of life in such specific community leads to focusing the interventions and health advices on the mentioned factors, resulting the modifying of stressful situations and improving quality of life and finely increasing the efficiency.}, Keywords = {Quality of Life, Sleep Duration, Lifestyle, Industrial Employees, Latent Class }, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {31-44}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2144-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2144-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Tabatabaei, Shahnaz and Rasouli, Zeinab}, title = {The Reliability and validity of Persian Version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-60) in Industry Staff}, abstract ={Background and aims: Attention to the general health (physical, mental and social) of staff is very important at the beginning of recruitment and in the period of their working life. Therefore, a study of reliability and validity of Persian version of the General Health Questionnaire (60- Items) was performed for industry staff (Mines and Mineral Industries) of Iran in 2016. Methods: 390 out of 1200 industry staff were randomly selected. The questionnaire was prepared during the translation process. The validity assessed by confirmatory factor analysis by Varimax rotation and for calculating reliability Cronbach's alpha and split-half (Spearman test - Brown) was used. Results: The results of factor analysis showed that the five subscales of the questionnaire: social function, depression, somatic symptoms, anxiety and sleep disorder, and general health. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was estimated 0.96 and its validity for sub-scales was 0.73-0.96. Conclusion: The resulting of General Health Questionnaire-60Items was a successful adaptation to use on the general health of industry staff (mines and mineral industries) in Iran's population.}, Keywords = {General Health Questionnaire, Reliability, Validity, Staff, Industry. }, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {45-54}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2149-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2149-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Moradi, Ali and Soori, Hamid and Kavosi, Amir and Eshghabadi, Farshid and HashemiNazari, Seyed Saeed and Rahmani, Khale}, title = {Human factors influencing the severity of traffic accidents related to pedestrians in Tehran}, abstract ={Background and aims: More than 40 percent of deaths of pedestrians in traffic accidents happen in Tehran. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of human factors was associated with an increased intensity of pedestrian traffic.   Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 6323 traffic injuries and 99 traffic deaths resulted from traffic accidents in pedestrian during 2013 in Tehran were investigated. Data was extracted from traffic police databases and in Tehran. In analytical analysis, logistic regression model was used to control for possible confounders   Results: In studied accidents, 4070 (63.5%) and 2335 (36.5%) of injured or died pedestrians were male and female, respectively. The mean age of injured pedestrians was 39.15 ± 19.47 years and the mean age of guilty drivers was 34.75 ± 12.38 years. The final model showed that gender, age, pedestrian position and fault, and type of driver's license are correlated to the dependent variable. The events leading to the death was significantly higher in men, pedestrians standing next to the roadway, pedestrians fault and drivers with grade 1 of driver license.   Conclusion: Human factors had much role in the severity of traffic accidents related to pedestrians in Tehran. These factors have a high correlation with environmental factors, and vehicles. More researches is needed to specifying mechanisms of effect of these factors in traffic accidents related to the pedestrians and designing strategies for promotion of traffic culture and safe behaviors in drivers and pedestrians.  }, Keywords = {Traffic accidents, Pedestrian, Severity, Human factors}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {55-65}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2118-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2118-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Harati, Ali and Shahtaheri, Seyed Jamaleddin and Harati, bahram and Honarjoy, Ami}, title = {Investigation of relation between shift work and biomarkers of metabolic syndrome of workers, a case study at a petrochemical industry}, abstract ={Background and aims: Today, shift working is a common in many developed countries cause industrial development and implement of service organization. This study attempts to determine the relationship between shift working and blood parameters among employees of a petrochemical company. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the study was done with 403 workers from a petrochemical company, Iran in 1394. Employees were divided into two groups of day working and shift working. Blood samples were taken from participant in the workplace by expert. For more accurate of assess alters metabolism in body, hematological indexes were analyzed for fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, liver enzymes such SGOT, SGPT and complete blood cell. Blood pressure were taken from both day workers and shift workers by standard method. The mean of these parameters was compared in two groups. Results: The mean age of participants in this study was 32.02 ± 7.6 years, the mean age of day workers 33.16 ± 8.3 years and shift workers was 31.5 ±7.3 years. The group with age higher than 50 years old had the highest average systolic blood pressure 11.71 ± 0.61 mm/Hg and diastolic blood pressure 7.2 ± 0.69 mm/Hg compare to the other aged groups. The results of statistical tests showed significant difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the day and shift working people (P<0.05). The mean of SGPT in shift workers were lower than day workers, while no significant difference was seen between liver enzymes SGOT and SGPT in two groups (P>0.05). The mean of RBC and WBC in day workers were higher than shift workers, but did no showed significant difference between RBC and WBC in two groups (P>0.05). The statistical tests results showed significant difference between the glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL in the day workers and shift workers (P<0.05). Also, significant difference was seen between MCV, RBC and SGPT with systolic blood pressure in shift workers (P<0.05). Conclusion: The circadian rhythm and metabolic indices can be changed by shift working, resulting in significantly more risk factors for cardiovascular disorders and digestive problems.  }, Keywords = {Shift working, blood parameters, petrochemical company }, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {66-76}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2158-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2158-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {fazeli, seyyed poorya.fazeli and labbafinejad, yasser and yarahmadi, rasoul and hosseini, aghafatemeh}, title = {Acquired color vision impairment among gasoline station workers with occupational exposure of BTEX (case study in tehran city)}, abstract ={Background and aims: Color vision is one of the most important capabilities of the visual system. color vision impairment in many jobs, lead to reduced productivity, increased reaction time and workers' decision-making in confronting with of hazardous situations and as a result, it can lead to occupational accidents. This study was carried out to investigate occupational exposure to BTEX solvents and acquired color vision impairment among gasoline station workers in Tehran city. Methods: This cross sectional study is conducted in the 15 gasoline station of Tehran city. The workers (680) were studied in three groups. The first group consisted of those working as a distributor of gasoline (289) with exposure to organic solvents. The second group included service workers (201) were working as a low exposure and third group was the administrative staff (190) that was considered as an no exposure to organic solvents. After recording the demographic characteristics of the participants in the standardized questionnaire and considering exclusion criteria, 193 from the first group, 132 from the second group and 114 from the third group were qualified to participate in the study. The visual acuity with the SnellenChart, inherent color vision impairment with Ishihara plates and Acquired color vision impairment with LANTHONY D-15 were determined. The determination of the concentrations of BTEX compounds was carried out according to the standard NIOSH 1501. Results: The frequency of acquired color vision impairment was 6.74% for workers distributor of gasoline, 1.51% for service workers, and 0% for administrative staff working at the same gas station. Color confusion index was higher in the first group than in the second group (p=.006). The results of logistic regression indicated there was a significant relationship between color confusion index (CCI) and exposure to BTEX compounds, age, work experience and smoking (p<.05). Conclusion Based on the results of this study, the occupational chronic exposure of workers with BTEX compounds in gasoline station can lead to acquired color vision impairment in these people.}, Keywords = {Occupational Exposure, BTEX Compounds, Acquired Color Vision Impairment, Gasoline Station}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {77-88}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2185-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2185-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {mollaei, mojgan and allahyari, teimour and arsalani, narges and khalkhali, hamidrez}, title = {An investigation of the relationship between psychosocial work factors and cognitive failures in nursing}, abstract ={Background and aims: The psychosocial work factors have a major impact on employees’ cognitive performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychosocial work factors and cognitive failures among nurses. Methods: In this study, 300 nurses who worked in educational hospitals were selected by simple random sampling method. The questionnaires that used for data collection included: demographics information,COPSOQ and CFQ questionnaires. To analyze the relationship between variables, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis were used. Results: There was a significant relationship between the majority of dimensions of psychosocial work factors such as role clarity, influence at work, job satisfaction, and insecurity at work, quantitative demands, emotional demands, total job demands and meaning of work with cognitive failures of nurses. Also, the dimensions of total job demands, meaning of work and influence at work with high and significant correlations had a good predictition of cognitive failure in nurses.                                                                                                                  Conclusion: According to the results, some of the psychosocial work factors affects on the rate of cognitive failures. Therefore, organizational interventions must be considered in order to control important psychosocial work factors. Further studies are needed to identify other factors affecting nurses’ cognitive failures.  }, Keywords = {psychosocial work factors, cognitive failure questionnaire, Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, nursing}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {89-102}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2172-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2172-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Zarei, Esmaeil and Mohammadfam, Iraj and Azadeh, Ali and Khakzad, Nima and Mirzai, Mostaf}, title = {Dynamic risk assessment of chemical process systems using Bayesian Network}, abstract ={Background and aims: Process systems due to processed under severe operational conditions and deal with large amounts of flammable and explosive materials have always led to many catastrophic accidents. Risk assessment is a useful tool for designing effective strategies for preventing and controlling these accidents. Conventional risk assessment methods have major deficiencies, including uncertainty in the obtained results and the completely static nature, therefore, the present study is aimed at applying a dynamic and quantitative approach to assess the safety risks of city natural gas pressure regulating stations. Methods: First, according to the standard of the Total Company (GS EP SAF 253), the reference (credible) event scenario was determined, then a qualitative, quantitative and dynamic modeling of the cause – consequence accident scenario model using Bayesian Network (BN) is provided and next, deductive and abductive probabilistic reasoning are conducted by means of constructed BN model. PHAST 7.11 program is employed to modeled and evaluated of different consequences of the scenario. Finally, the risk of accident scenario consequences was calculated, evaluated and updated. Results: 43 root events in occurrence of the credible event scenario of the gas stations were identified. Among the identified causes, the human failures (85%), process failures (10%) and mechanical failures (5%) had the highest contributing to occurrence in the accident scenario, respectively. Occurrence probability of the scenario is determined 7.11 ×10-2. Safety barriers, especially emergency shutdown valves (ESD), had a significant role in reducing the consequences severity. The risk of all three of consequences including jet fire, flash fire and vapor cloud explosion is located in unacceptable area. Conclusion: The use of BNs provides a comprehensive qualitative, quantitative and dynamic graphical modeling of the accident scenario. The abductive reasoning ability of these networks is capable to reducing the uncertainty and updating the probability of occurrence of root events and final the consequences. Using BNs along with consequences modeling, leads to a slightly more dynamic, precise, and practical risk assessment in process plants.}, Keywords = {Dynamic Risk Assessment, Process Systems, Bayesian Networks, Consequences Modeling, Urban Gas Pressure Reduction Stations (CGS).}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {103-117}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2176-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2176-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {beheshti, mohamad hosein and Mousavian, zainab and mehri, ahmad and zia, ghasem and tajpoor, ali and hajizadeh, roohalah}, title = {The effect of sound with different frequencies on selective attention and human response time}, abstract ={Background and aims: Sound is one of the most effective exogenous factors affecting brain processing mechanisms, including attention that  affecting human error and occupational accidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sound frequency on noise annoiance, selective attention and human response time. Methods: This research is an interventional study that was conducted in 2017 on 60 students of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. Measurements and tests were performed at two positions of before and during exposure to noise at various frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 Hz. To determine the sound with different frequencies, noise.exe software was used and to determine the accuracy of the intensity and frequency of sound, the TES 1358 TES sounding device was used. In the next step, cognitive performance tests including reaction time, accuracy and attention were measured by the test Stroop Complex. Data analysis was performed using spss. Results: The mean age of males was 21.12 with a standard deviation of 0.13 and the mean age of females was 19.19 years with a standard deviation of 0.5. The highest degree of noise is at a frequency of 4000 and 8000 Hz The results of ANOVA showed that there is a significant relationship between noise anniance with different frequencies. By increasing the frequency from 500 to 4000 Hz, the reaction time is reduced and from 4000 to 8000 Hz, the reaction time increases. There is no meaningful relationship between the reaction time and the various frequencies.in both male and female groups, exposure to sound at all frequencies increases the number of errors and the highest error rate is at 1000 Hz, there is a significant difference between the interference score and the interference time with different frequencies. Conclusion: Due to the significance relationship between frequency of sound and interference score and interference time of individuals,   by changing these factors, the reaction time and the time for mental tests and the degree of error of individuals are changed. In job posts and sensitive occupational tasks requiring the use of cognitive functions such as precision and reaction time the frequency of the sound should be considered.  }, Keywords = {Keywords: sound, sound frequency, reaction time, attention, selective attention}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {118-128}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2188-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2188-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Ghiyasi, Samira and Heidari, Mahmoud and Hoda, Ahmad and Azimi, Leil}, title = {Human error risk assessment of clinical care in emergency department with SHERPA approach and nurses safety climate analysis}, abstract ={Background and aims: Human errors have great connection with patient's health and safety in clinical centers. Emergency departments of clinical centers can be deeply effected by human errors due to the importance and speciefity of the clinical process. This study was performed for assessment clinical care related human errors with SHERPA approach and its possible connection with nurse's safety climate.    Methods: The study performed on 100 nurses who served in two emergency departments of hospital and also all other departments which the nurses had the major of their experience in emergency department. A standard Safety attitude questionnaire was used for assessment of nurse's affective criteria on human errors rate. All clinical care processes were investigated for imprinting human errors by SHERPA approach and HTA method. All results were analysed by SPSS software.   Results: The results for human error identification and risk assessment by SHERPA approach was depicted for total 10 major processes and 88 major tasks, 610 errors could possibly affect the clinical care program quality and also patients and nurses. Performing drug orders with 148 (24%) was the major emergency department's process. The major types of identified errors were performance errors with 355 errors (58%). The numbers of checking errors were 129 (21%), the identified errors on communication were 54 (9%), the errors on selection were 49 (8%) and finaly, errors on fixing the problems (recovery errors) were 23 (4%). After determining the number and types of identified errors, risk priority number was calculated with stimation of occurance and severity of each risk. The risults demonstrated that from total identified errors, 144 errors (24%) were unacceptable, 194 errors were undesirable, 178 errors (29%) were minor errors with minimum correction needed and there were 94 errors (15%) with no consequences. The results of safety climate questionnaire showed that communication between nurses in clinical centers depends on age, job duration and gender (P-Value < 0.05). Comunication with physicians also depens on gender and job duration (P-Value < 0.05) and the results for nurses safety climate investigation demonstrated that parametrs such as knowledge and communicating with supervisors have most influence for domination of positive safety climate in clinicals centers and hospitals.   Conclusion: Preventing medical errors is a crucial part of ensuring quality patient care. Errors in clinical care and rehabilitation procedures have particular significance in ensuring quality care and patient safety.  }, Keywords = {Clinical care, Human error, SHERPA, Safety climate, Emergency department}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {129-140}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2189-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2189-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {jafari, mohammad javad and Pouyakian, mostafa and Khosrowabadi, reza and taheri, fereshteh and nahvi, ali and zokaei, mojtab}, title = {Brainwave recording protocol in human samples: Neuroerogonomics studies}, abstract ={Cognitive activities and the operation of tasks in the workplaces lead to the creation of a cognitive workload and specifically mental workload employee  in the work environment. In order to measure these cognitive variables, physiological parameters are used. Electroencephalography is a non-invasive and relatively inexpensive method that can be used to evaluate neurophysiology and cognitive functions. Electroencephalography the electrical activity records a large number of brain neurons on the surface of the skull or the brain. The purpose of this article is to provide generalizations of imaging methods in neuroergonomic, brain wave bases, equipment and requirements for participants. It also describes the brainwave recording protocol step by step. Due to the expansion of interdisciplinary studies, the acquisition of brainwave recording skills is essential for researchers in the field of ergonomics and occupational health}, Keywords = {Neuroergonomic, Electroencephalography (EEG), Brain Waves}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {141-153}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2379-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2379-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Khavanin, Ali and JonidiJafari, Ahmad and Ahmadi, Saeid and Zaroushani, Vi}, title = {A Review on Administrative Controls to Radiofrequency and Microwave Radiation based on recommendations of International Organizations}, abstract ={Background and aims: Radio frequency and microwaves radiations are a part of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation that have various applications in different work environments. Administrative measures reduce the occupational exposure with low cost and acceptable performance. This study using narrative review was conducted to investigate the recommended administrative controls that published by international organizations in order to control the occupational exposure to Radio Frequency and microwave radiations.  Methods: Firstly, the international reference organizations were determined in relation to the research topic. Then, based on the PICO principle, related keywords designed. Then, all documents as a Government Document, Legal Rule or Regulation, Publication, Standard, Report, Guideline, Manual, were reviewed in English language without time limit. In addition, the search was conducted on two external databases (BING and GOOGLE). Then, the process of reviewing, screening and eliminating repeated, unrelated, and unusable resources was carried out. After preparation of the full text, the process of translation and extraction of related information conducted based on the organizations and administrative measures. In this study, experimental research, descriptive studies, analytical studies, Meta-analyzes, and systematic reviews, did not entry. Also, documents with incomplete and obscure information were also not used. Results: The results of this study showed that there are several international organizations that work up in field of occupational exposure control to radiofrequency and microwave radiation. extracted administrative measures are diverse and including the inspection, medical monitoring, employee participation, safe/standard operating procedure, compliance with standards, preventive maintenance, lock out/ tag out, safety signs and warnings, workplace monitoring, Responsibility of the employer, exposure limit, access restrictions, reducing output energy, training and distance . Conclusion: Meanwhile, exposure limits, maintenance process and access restrictions were the most recommended administrative controls.  Among the international organization, the International Labor Organization (ILO) presented the most diverse and comprehensive administrative controls. It is suggested that the results of this study be used in health and safety radiation policies and as a simple guide to introduction on recommended administrative measures for managers and occupational and environmental health experts.}, Keywords = {Administrative Control, Non-Ionizing Radiation, Radiofrequency, Microwave, International Organization}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {154-171}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2308-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2308-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {falahati, mohsen and karimi, ali and zokaei, mojtaba and dehghani, ali}, title = {Development and ranking of safety performance indicators using Bayesian network and Analysis Hierarchical Process Case study: Work at height of the Oil and Gas refinery construction phase}, abstract ={Background and aims: The safety and health performance measurement, designed to provide the necessary information on the concern to progress and the current state of the organization's strategies, processes and activities. The purpose of this study is to present a new model for the development of safety performance indicators using the probability risk assessment model and applying experts' opinions. Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was carried out in 3 steps: categorize of the construction face activities and its related hazards identification; formation of the accident causal network occurred in the oil and gas refinery construction phase using the Bayesian network and the selection of key performance indicators using AHP method. Results: The statistical analysis of the recorded accidents showed that 21% of the incidence rate is related to the falling. Among all the construction phase activities, using the WBS analysis of the project, 27 activities with work at height risk of were identified.  18 active performance indicators were extracted the accident causal network  that using SMART criteria and occurrence probability rate  Calculated from the Bayesian network was selected as 5 active key performance indicators. Conclusion: Determining the leading performance indicators is influenced by various organizational, managerial, operational and other factors. As the project progresses, the nature and level of risk of the operation of construction projects is changing. Therefore, indicators of safety performance measurements in these projects should be sensitive to rapid changes. For this reason, active indicators with a short-term measurement period are more effective in measuring the safety performance of construction operations.}, Keywords = {Bayesian network, refinery construction phase, safety, key performance indicators}, volume = {15}, Number = {3}, pages = {172-185}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2279-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2279-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Asivandzadeh, ehsan and Farshad, Ali- Asghar and Alimohammadi, Iraj and Abolghasemi, Jamileh and Jamalizadeh, Zeynab}, title = {The relation of aggression with the average of speed and lane deviation in taxi drivers of Tehran}, abstract ={Background and aims: Speeding and deviation to the left and right are the most notable and important causes of injuries that caused by traffic accidents in most countries. Injuries caused by these events are so great that it will be remembered as a war on the road. Due to the importance of the relation between aggression, errors and violations, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of aggressive driving and the average of driving speed and lane deviations. Methods:  in the present study, 75 taxi drivers completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anger Inventory. Assessing the dimensions of aggression performed by car driving simulator. Using SPSS (V:22) ,descriptive tables and Spearman correlation coefficient data were analyzed. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant direct relation between all aspects of aggression and the average and maximum of speeding and lane deviations, So that aggressive drivers drove with high speeds and were more willing to shift to the left and right. Conclusion: Aggression is considered as one of the important factor affecting to increase the average speed and lane deviations.}, Keywords = {Aggression, average driving speed, lane deviations}, volume = {15}, Number = {4}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2160-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2160-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Asghari, Behzad and Omidvari, Manouchehr}, title = {Probability assessment of chemical liquid release at floating roof storage tank in the oil refinery by fuzzy fault tree analysis}, abstract ={Background and aims: Process industries are known to be hazardous industries. Chemical Industrial process involves several processes such as drilling and production, storage, transportation, and refining. These activities are different in nature. Also, they are different in job Risks. One of the main and dangerous sections of the process is oil reservoir. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors affecting of the risk of chemical release staring at floating roof storage tanks in oil and gas industry.  Methods: In this study, fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA) to identify and evaluate the risk of the release floating roof storage tanks used in oil refineries. Collect information and identify risks and possible events were used through observation, interviews, information of the process and materials. To calculate the probability of intermediate and main event of Boolean math notation was used. Isolation of the final events was unknown with the known repetition rate and the rate of failure. Results: The results showed that the most likely cause of liquid chemical release oil from floating roof tanks was "tank fitting and overflow leakage of oil". Possibility of a chemical release liquid petroleum refinery industry 0.251 floating roof tank was calculated that this level is very high risk for staff and equipment for refineries. Conclusion: according to the results, it was determined that according to determining critical MCs and the calculation of the importance of adopting remove control the way in reducing the likelihood of chemical release repository to be effective.}, Keywords = {risk assessment, fault tree, fuzzy, floating roof tanks}, volume = {15}, Number = {4}, pages = {8-20}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2064-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2064-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {MolaeiFar, Hossein and rajabi, fazel and Zamanian, Zahra and Honarbakhsh, Marzieh and Ebrahimi, Ali and Farhadi, Payam}, title = {Identifying and ranking the strategies of control exposure to heat stress in the rubber industry using a Delphi method and combination of Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS approach}, abstract ={Background and aims: Heat stress is one of the most important occupational hazards that threaten the health of employees in many workplaces. This hazard is more important in the industries with hot processes, such as rubber industry. Therefore, control of this harmful agent is one of the essential measures and priorities of manager in these industries. The purpose of this study was to identifying and ranking the strategies of control exposure to heat stress using the Delphi method and the combination of FAHP and TOPSIS approach in the rubber industry. Methods: This qualitative cross-sectional study was carried out in three stages. In the first step, the most important criteria and control measures of heat stress (alternatives) in the rubber industry were identified using the Delphi method. In the second stage, the criteria were weighted using the FAHP technique. Finally, alternatives were prioritized based on the TOPSIS method. Data analysis was performed using Excel and Super Decision Software. Results: The results of the paired comparison of the criteria with the FAHP technique showed that the “efficiency of control measure” was most important criteria with a relative weight of 0.141. Also, the final results of the study showed that among all control measures of heat stress in the rubber industry, “insulating or enclosing of heat source (insulation materials)” is the best with a relative weight of 0.582. Conclusion: This study propose the integrated approach of  Delphi, FAHP and TOPSIS in order to select the best strategies for controlling heat stress in the rubber industry. The results of this research can be used as the guidance for managers to making the scientific decisions and selecting the appropriate strategy for controlling heat stress in the rubber industry. Keywords: Heat stress, Ranking the control measures, Rubber industry, Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS  }, Keywords = {Thermal stress, Ranking of control measure, Rubber industry, AHP-fuzzy and Topsis}, volume = {15}, Number = {4}, pages = {21-33}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1945-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1945-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Hosseinpour, Eskndar and Bagheri, Ghodratola and Alidostghahfarokhi, Ebrhim and Amiry, Mogtaba and Jalalifarahani, Maje}, title = {Designing Safety model in Sports (Using Grounded Theory)}, abstract ={Background and aims: Today, creating a safe environment for sporting activities is an important and vital issue. The present qualitative study with the aim of designing a safety model in sport was conducted using Glacerian Grounded theory which is data-based.  Methods: To this end, on the basis of snowball technique, 25 experts in the fild of safety and sport management participated in this study. They participated in an unstructured in-depth interview. Data obtained from the interview were analyzed by using a set of open coding, theoretical coding and selective coding simultaneously. Results: Results showed that professional and committed management could be regarded as the main factor and positive safety culture, specialized qualifications, legal and ethical requirements (responsibility, abiding by ethics and law), safety instructions, complying with health principles, positive environmental approach, physical, mental and individual equipments, human factors (ergonomics), sporting  sites and buildings, and standard sporting facilities, medical actions and emergency services and application of new technologies, were determined as other safety cateqories in sporting. Conclusion: According this model, it is recommended that we consider the role of different factors in safe sporting activities in order to prevent injuries. By paying enough attention to essentials and factors which promote the safety in sporting activities, we can achieve safety in sporting, hence preventing the sporting injuries.      }, Keywords = {Safety, Sports, Sporting Environments, Glaserian Approach, Grounded Theory}, volume = {15}, Number = {4}, pages = {34-49}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2100-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2100-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Yarahmadi, Rasoul and Farshad, Aliasghar and Esrafily, Ali and Soleimani-Alyar, Somayeh}, title = {The utilization of Non-Thermal Plasma technology in carbon monoxide removal using propane gas}, abstract ={Background and aims: In recent years, non- thermal plasma could has yield desirable and successful results, in spite of some challenges and limitations. In particular, in emission control of mobile and stationary sources. CO pollutant, which is emitted from various emission sources is a toxic gas and employee exposure at indoor and outdoor workplaces is one of the main world challenges. The approach of present study is to investigate the key performance parameters of non- thermal plasma in CO treatment efficiency by considering of techno- economic considerations at reactor design. Methods: A coaxial reactor composed of two inner (quartz) and outer (pyrex) tubes as dielectric material, tungsten electrode as cathode and copper foil as anode material has been used. In this study, we have investigated the parameters of temperature, space time, reductant gas, and current intensity of power supply voltage on removal efficiency of the pollutant. Sample size and sampling methods are determined based on the experimental design (i,e,. in two and four level) and  ASTM D5835 standard method, Respectively. Data analysis has been done by SPSS software (version 22). Results: The mean conversion of 28- 29% for carbon monoxide is achieved under optimum conditions by temperature of 110 oC, propane to carbon monoxide ratio of 0.05 and SIE of 1000- 1400 j/l. This is one of the main results of present research and suitable primary alternatives at future researches to utilize non- thermal plasma technology. Conclusion: In this study, the key parameters of space time and temperature have been shown significant effect on removal efficiency of pollutant. While, due to molecular- chemical structure of CO gas and complexity of participation during redox reactions in NTP reactor, the presence and concentration of propane gas has no significance effect on treatment efficiency. So, consideration of relevant parameters of electron density, gas mixture properties, and geometric characteristics in designing step could play key role in optimization of temperature conditions and pollutant space time.  }, Keywords = {Air pollution, carbon monoxide, non- thermal plasma, removal, emission}, volume = {15}, Number = {4}, pages = {50-61}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2161-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2161-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Zendedel, Rezvan and Panjali, Zahra and EsmaeeliTahneh, akbar}, title = {Normal hexane occupational exposure estimation in the benchmark response according to color vision impairment}, abstract ={Background and aims: Exposure to the normal hexane can induce dysfunction of the nervous system and color vision impairment. Occupational risk assessment is established according to no observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL). Recently, because of the NOAEL’s limitations, the benchmark responses were applied for risk assessment. The study’s aim is an analysis of benchmark response in occupational exposure to the normal hexane by color vision impairment. Methods: In this study, inhalation exposure to the normal hexane of some shoemakers was evaluated based on the OSHA ID-07 method. Two samples performed for each subject and cumulative exposure was estimated. Acquired color vision impairment was assessed by a D-15 technique in the both exposed and control groups. A dose-response curve was plotted by normal hexane cumulative exposure and color vision impairment according to the BMDS EPA software. Results: Exposure to the normal hexane in all studied workers was lower than OELs. It was found that 33% of the exposed groups had acquired color vision impairment. A dose-response curve was evaluated by five exposure groups in the range concentration of 0, 10.82, 11.97, 15.11 and 18.55 mg/m3.The results show Log Logistic model is the best model for the benchmark response prediction. Occupational exposure in 10% of responses (benchmark response) was determined 19.54 mg m-3 with a lower limit of 12.15 mg m-3. Conclusion: Neurological toxicity occurred in the levels of airborne exposure lower than occupational exposure limit. Accordingly, can be concluded that the new occupational exposure level can be established by further studies and concentrated researches for neurotoxicity of n-hexane through inhalation exposure.}, Keywords = {Normal hexane, Color vision, Occupational exposure, Dose-response curve }, volume = {15}, Number = {4}, pages = {62-72}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2204-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2204-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {rahimi, farajallah and varnaseri, aref}, title = {The relationship Workaholism with workplace aggressive behavior: The mediation role job-related emotion}, abstract ={Background and aims: many organizations are aware about the negative impact of extreme aggressive behaviors in the workplace but they have little attention to the causes of such behaviors. So it is necessary that we have identified the factors that have role in the creation of such behaviors. Therefore, this study seeks to relationship Workaholism with aggressive behaviors with mediate role of job emotions in the workplace. Methods: this research on the basis of objective is practical and the method of collecting data is descriptive-correlation. The Statistical Society consists of all nurses in hospitals of Golestan, Imam Khomeini, Abuzar and Razi in the city of Ahvaz, which sample size was selected 310 with stratified random sampling. In this research to measure variables of obsessive workaholism and success-oriented Workaholism was used of questionnaire of  aziz and et al and to measure variables of job emotions and aggressive behaviors in the workplace was used Respectively of  questionnaires of Watson & Telegen and Hershcovis and et al. Results: the results show that there is a significant positive relationship between the obsessive Workaholism and aggressive behaviors, while the significant negative relationship of success-oriented Workaholism with aggressive behaviors is not confirmed. Also the results confirms the mediate role of positive and negative emotions in the relationship between Workaholism and aggressive behaviors, and positive emotions have full mediating role in the relationship between success-oriented Workaholism and aggressive behaviors, and negative emotions have incomplete mediate role in the relationship between  obsessive Workaholism and aggressive behaviors. Conclusion: the results of the research shows that with increasing the intensity of Workaholism among nurses, the intensity of aggressive behaviors will be increasing among them. Since one of the factors in creating aggressive behaviors is lot of works and work in stressful environments, so it is suggested that managers avoid from giving lot of works to their personnel and in order to reduce Workaholism, they should be developed an organizational culture that is based on proper performance and replace it instead of the organizational culture that encourages employees to hard working.}, Keywords = {Workaholism, job emotion, aggressive behaviors, nurses}, volume = {15}, Number = {4}, pages = {73-83}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1972-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1972-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Jafari, Asghar and MashhadiAbbasi, Ansiyeh}, title = {The Prediction of Job Motivation of medical employers of Red Cross Organization based on Defense Mechanisms and Culture Intelligence}, abstract ={Background and aims: In occupational counselling have been emphasised on effect of personality, cognitive and affective traits in genesis, development and level of motivation. Therefore, Present study aimed to predict Job Motivation of medical employers of Red Cross organization based on Defense Mechanisms and Culture Intelligence. Methods: Methodology was correlation. 180 participants were selected simple random sampling. Thorough medical employers of Red Cross organization with at least 2 years of work experience in Tehran. Data were collected using questionnaires of defense mechanisms, culture intelligence and job motivation and analyzed by tests of Pearson correlation and multiple regression. Results: The results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between mature defense mechanism and culture intelligence with job motivation and is a negative and significant relationship between immature and neurotic defense mechanisms. Mature defense mechanism and the component of motivation of culture intelligence have more part in predicting job motivation of employers. Conclusion: Results provide some evidence to suggest that the changes of job motivation are predicable by defense mechanisms and culture intelligence. Therefore, in order to increase and optimizing the level of Job motivation of medical employers of Red Cross organization was suggested to attend to mature defense mechanism of individuals in employment process and promote level of culture intelligence.  }, Keywords = {Defense‌ Mechanism, Culture Intelligence, Job Motivation, Red Cross Organization}, volume = {15}, Number = {4}, pages = {84-92}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2218-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2218-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Jahangiri, Mehdi and Omidvary, Fateme and Amirikhorasani, Maryam and Maghsoudi, Ahm}, title = {A Comparison study of perception towards Chemical Hazard Warning Signs in Old and Globally Harmonized System (GHS) among chemical workers in Shiraz, Iran}, abstract ={Background and aims: The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) is an internationally agreed-upon standard developed by the United Nations to replace the previously used hazardous material classification and labelling all over the world, including Iran. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perception of GHS, compared to old chemical hazard signs in an Iranian population. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 220 employees of the chemical industries in Shiraz, Iran. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing 28 color images of (including20 GHS and 8 old chemical hazards signs). Results: In this study, there was a significant difference between the mean perception of GHS (0.37±0.18) and old chemical hazards signs (0.73±0.22). The percentage of people who had the correct perception, were below the ISO 3864-2-acceptable limit (67%), for 17 out of 20 GHS signs (85%). All studied GHS signs had unacceptable perception according to ANSI 53503 acceptable limit (85%). Conclusion: GHS signs had lower acceptable perception compared to old signs of chemical hazards. Considering the increasing trend of globally harmonized system (GHS) in hazard communication and labeling of chemicals, it is required to train people in order to promote the understanding and acceptance of these signs.}, Keywords = {Perception, Safety sign, globally harmonized system (GHS), Labeling}, volume = {15}, Number = {5}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2236-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2236-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Heravizadeh, Omidreza and Khadem, Monireh and Nabizadeh, Ramin and Shahtaheri, Seyed Jamaleddi}, title = {Synthesis of a molecular imprinted polymer as an absorbent for selective extraction of a triazine herbicide from biological samples}, abstract ={Background and aims: Increasing production and the use of pesticides for agricultural purposes can lead to many environmental and human health risks. Therefore, assessment of their concentration in occupational and environmental samples is necessary to estimate exposure levels. This study was aimed to use a synthesized molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) as a novel and specific absorbent for residue analysis of metribuzin herbicide in biological sample. Methods: The MIP was synthesized by copolymerizing the pesticide as the template molecule in presence of methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as functional and crosslinking monomers, respectively. Afterwards, parameters affecting the adsorption and recycling of metribuzin by synthesized absorbent were optimized using solid phase extraction (SPE) method to demonstrate the ability of the MIP for selective recognition of analyte from biological sample. All samples were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results: According to the obtained results, trace amount of herbicide was successfully determined using MIP. The optimum amounts of effective parameters on extraction yield were determined as follow: adsorbent amount: 13.15 mg, sample pH: 3, sample flow rate: 1 mL /min, volume of extraction solvent: 1.33 mL, flow rate of extraction solvent: 3 ml/min, and the amount of acid in the solvent composition: 10%. Detection and quantification limits of the method were 0.0119 and 0.0397 ppb, respectively. Conclusion: The developed method can be used as an optimum sample preparation procedure for selective and sensitive extraction and determination of desired herbicide from biological sample.}, Keywords = {Key words: Triazine Herbicide, Metribuzin, Molecular Imprinted Polymer, Solid Phase Extraction, Biological Sample, High Performance Liquid Chromatography}, volume = {15}, Number = {5}, pages = {10-20}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2223-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2223-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Moridi, Parvin and Moradi, Ali and Taheri, Fereshteh and Yarahmadi, Rasoul and Farshad, Ali Asghar}, title = {Prioritization of accident risk indices based on multiple criteria decision making in the traffic police (Tehran City)}, abstract ={Background and aims: One of the most common accidents that annoy many people in the world every year is road traffic accidents. Today, the largest share of accidents related to traffic accidents. Iran is one of the countries with the highest incidence and mortality due to road accidents and traffic. Survey of these events can identify the main factors, prioritization and preventive programs for them. Methods: In this research, the multi-criteria decision-making method based on FUZZY TOPSIS has been used to selection the main risk factors. Five criteria specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timeable are used for prioritizing of traffic police risk factors. Results: In this research, fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method has been used to selection the most important risk factors. Five criteria include: specific, measureable, Attainable, Realistic, and time frame were used for ranking risk factors in traffic police. According to the results, the human's behavior was identified as the most appropriate factors for road safety (coefficients = 0.204684). Safety equipment and vehicle's usage were ranked in grade 3 and 4. Other indicators of risk in order of importance and influence were at lower levels. Conclusion: Identify and Priority of traffic risk factors would help to managers and policy makers for managing the factors affecting accidents. Human's behavior and human's decision were identified as main role in road accident control.}, Keywords = {Key words: Interpretive Structural Modeling, Fuzzy Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, Indicator, Hazard, Safety, Modeling, prioritization, Accident.}, volume = {15}, Number = {5}, pages = {21-29}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2294-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2294-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Rahchamani, Mahdiyeh Sadat and Zakeriyan, Abolfazl and azam, kamal}, title = {Comparative Survey on the Effect of Fluorescent Lamps & LED Color Temperature on Staffs Psychologically Indicators at the Office}, abstract ={Background and aims: Human beings are exposed to various light effects. Light can be effective in Cognition, human behavior, visual comfort, health and well-being. The purpose of this study was to Comparative Survey on the effect of fluorescent lamps and LED color temperature on staffs Cognitive Performance Indicators at the office. Methods: In this interventional study, 8 subjects including 2 men and 6 women with mean and standard deviation of 41.75 ± 5.99 years were studied. Exposure to three levels of brightness includes a fluorescent lamp with a color temperature of 6,500 Kelvin and a LED3000 K and 6,000 K at a time of one week's adaptation for each of the brightness levels, the reaction time was measured using the simple reaction timer software, Attention was measured using the SELECTIVE & DIVIDED ATTENTION TEST software and working memory by The N-BACK (WORKING MEMORY TEST) software was measured. Results: The results of the Attention and working memory tests showed that the average of each under the conditions of the LED lamp with a color temperature of 6000K increased compared to two other lighting conditions. And this difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that increasing the color of light and the intensity of light increase the attention and working memory and reducing the reaction time leads to improvement of cognitive Performance of employees. As a result, by choosing the correct type of lighting at the workplace, not only will the person's health be safe, but also the level of staff Efficiency will rise.}, Keywords = {Color temperature, Attention, Reaction time, working memory, LED bulb}, volume = {15}, Number = {5}, pages = {30-37}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2309-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2309-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Ahmadi, Mojtaba and Salmanzadeh, Hame}, title = {Application of PERA method to analyze and redesign the cyclic tasks in an automotive industry}, abstract ={Background and aims: Postural Ergonomics Risk Assessment (PERA) is an ergonomic assessment method to detect the major causes of the cyclic work by focusing on the stressful postures analysis in the form of a task analysis. Because of its ability to detect the ergonomic risk sources in work cycles, this study aims to use this method as a systematic ergonomic analysis tool in order to redesign the tasks in an automotive company and examine its further applications. Methods: In the present study, 12 repetitive work cycles consisting of 78 tasks were evaluated in a vehicle assembly. Each task was analyzed separately in terms of posture, force, duration, repetition and vibration using PERA, ManTRA and cube model. Those sub-tasks, in each cycle, which had the highest risk score were identified as the most risky part of the work cycle and considered in the job redesign process. Results: The results show that most of the work cycles are at high-risk level of which shoulders, elbows and head/neck had the most duration of the stressful postures respectively. Also the high-risk tasks in each work cycle were identified and prioritized to be corrected. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the common ergonomic risk assessment methods focus on risk level of each body region and therefore the corrective actions would be taken generally, while PERA method is not only capable to assess the body’s postural risks, but also a systematic tool to analyze the complicated tasks and detect the risk sources of a work cycle by breaking it down into its sub-tasks. So it could be more efficient, in job redesign, to figure out some way to modify the work cycle just by focusing on those stressful parts.}, Keywords = {ergonomics risk assessment, PERA method, task analysis, job redesign}, volume = {15}, Number = {5}, pages = {38-47}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2369-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2369-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Kermani, Majid and JonidiJafari, Ahmad and Aalamolhoda, Ali Asghar and Jajarmi, Farzaneh and Dana, Elaheh and Shahsavani, Abbas}, title = {Source Identification and risk assessment of BTEX compounds in occupational exposure of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) drivers in limited traffic zone of Tehran in 2015-2016}, abstract ={Background and aims: Recently, there is an increasing concern about the quality of breath air in cabins of public transportation system. Present study measured the driver’s occupational exposure of BTEX as the most important and toxic group of VOCs in cabins of Tehran bus rapid transit (BRT) system. Methods: NIOSH 1501 was used for sampling and analyzing. Samples were extracted by CS2 and analyzed by GC-FID. The main sources of target pollutants were determined and the risk carcinogenic and non- carcinogenic of these compounds were evaluated by USEPA and WHO methods. SPSS Ver.20 was used for Statistical processing of data and Wilcox-test and Kendal were used for comparison and correlation, respectively. Results: The mean inner concentration of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, (m+p) - Xylene, o- Xylene and BTEX was measured 8.75, 24.33, 25.90, 43.71, 33.46 and 136.15 µg/m3, respectively. The lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) of Benzene in line 1, 2 and 7 was 7.07×10-5, 4.68×10-5 and 3.08×10-5, respectively. Conclusion: Mean concentration of Benzene was more than Iran environmental protection organization and European :::::union::::: (EU) recommended levels. LTCR of Benzene was more than recommended levels by USEPA and WHO. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) of all under investigation compounds were less than 1. Therefore, non-carcinogenic risk of them was in acceptable range.}, Keywords = {VOCs, Bus, Occupational Exposure, Carcinogenic Compounds}, volume = {15}, Number = {5}, pages = {48-58}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2323-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2323-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Mansoorian, Mahsa and Ghasemi, Mohammad Sadegh and Forough, Bijan and Dehghan, Naser}, title = {Evaluating the impact of a new ergonomic backpack designed on foot plantar pressure and perceived comfort by its users}, abstract ={Background: Inappropriate postures when carrying loads and heavy objects can result in physical problems and changes in the body's skeletal structure and pressure on the sole of the foot. Therefore, this study was to evaluate the foot plantar pressure and the perceived comfort of two new types of ergonomic and common backpacks. Methods: This study, which is semi- experimental, was performed on 20 female students aged 18 to 25 years. The PT-Scan Foot Scanner was used to measure the plantar pressure. The subjects, with the both types of backpacks, carried 10% of their body weight in walking, standing and balancing mode. After this stage, the perceived comfort of the backpacks was evaluated by using the Borg scale. Results: The results showed that the difference in mean pressure of the foot between the two new ergonomic and common backpacks was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). But the average score of perceived comfort in the two parts of the waist and back pad, and the two new ergonomic and common backpacks while carrying was significant (p< 0.05). Conclusion: According the finding, the features used in the design of the new backpack did not show statistically significant effect on decrease the foot pressure, but it decreased of perceived exertion and improved the perceived comfort and maintained the posture in the back and back areas. Therefore, using this backpack model probably could reduce musculoskeletal disorders in these areas in the long time.}, Keywords = {Backpack, Ergonomic design, plantar pressure, Perceived comfort,Posture}, volume = {15}, Number = {5}, pages = {59-68}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2360-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2360-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {sedghi, shahram and shahnavazi, hossein and khalesi, nader}, title = {Evaluation of Individual and Occupational Factors Affecting The Health of tehran legal medicine Administration employee Based on the Holistic Wellness}, abstract ={Background and aims: Health as defined by World Health Organization (WHO), it is "a state of complete physical, mental and social health and not only the absence of disease". Paying attention to the concept of welfare and well-being as a positive aspect of health among the workers of various organizations, especially in the field of health and treatment is the approach that many researchers have in mind today. Forensic workers are exposed to special psychological and physical pressures associated with exposing many clients with Specific social damage conditions The use of occupational health requires physical, social, mental and psychological well-being. Methods: In this analytic functional study, for evaluating of health and Individual and occupational factors affecting it, all employee of Tehran forensic medicine Administration in four Specialized department(Clinical examinations, autopsy, commissions and labs) have completed physical and mental health questionnaires based on the holistic wellness which includes physical, social, emotional, intellectual, professional and spiritual components. For all welfare areas, Cut Point 3 was considered. The average above 3 was classified as "good welfare" and average under "3" was the lack of welfare among the participants. Results: 197 people participated in the study. The results showed a significant relationship between the factors of history of hypertension, workplace and work responsibility and total welfare score. Overall, emotional wellness has the highest mean and physical wellness has the lowest mean among the participants in the research and All participants had normal health. Conclusion: As a result of this research, the history of heart attack, blood pressure, place of work, work shift and work responsibilities have had the greatest impact on the health. Also the results show that, the score of professional and physical well-being is also variable according to different forensic medicine departments and the workers of the autopsy have a lower welfare score than the other sections, which shows the direct impact of the conditions and working environment on the health of the employees. As a result, forensic administrators should consider workers health promotion And periodic health monitoring as part of human resources strategic plans according to the welfare model.}, Keywords = {Individual and Occupational Factors, Mental and physical Health, Holistic Wellness Model,Legal Medicine}, volume = {15}, Number = {5}, pages = {75-83}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2252-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2252-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2018} } @article{ author = {Farshad, Ali Asghar and Azimi, Ali and Mirkazemi, Roksana and Taheri, Fereshteh and GhaemiMod, Shidrokh and Hedayati, Bit}, title = {Performance and Scientific collaboration of Iran Occupational Health Journal: A scientometric analysis}, abstract ={Background: Of common scientometric indices is evaluating the performance and scientific collaboration of journals and organizations. Iran Occupational Health Journal belongs to Iran University of Medical Sciences and committed to providing scientific evidence for improving occupational health. Based on the importance of health at work, this study aimed to evaluate the Journal’s performance and scientific collaboration in the field. Methods: This is a scientometric study using both citation and content analyses. Complete enumeration survey method and Scimago data were used to collect all information about published articles between 2012 and 2017. Content analysis was performed to find about the articles’ dominant subject area. The data on the number of authors, the authors' organizational affiliation, the type of articles, and the affiliated centers with the most number of articles were reported. Data were analyzed using Excel 2016 software. Results: The Journal’s performance in various indices such as reducing the time between receive and accept of papers has had an improving trend for 6 consecutive years. The Journal has published mostly in subjects of ergonomics (59 articles) and then safety (52 articles). The Journal’s SJR in Scopus has had an increasing trend from 0.101 in 2012 to 0.220 in 2017. Conclusion: Based on the collected data and Scimago indices, the performance of Iran Occupational Health Journal has shown an improving trend over the studied years. The priorities of published subjects in the Journal are in agreement with the research priorities for occupational health in Iran. Thus, the Journal’s continuous improvement regarding examined criteria is highly expected.    }, Keywords = {Scientometrics, Performance,Scientific collaboration, Iran Occupational Health Journal, }, volume = {15}, Number = {6}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2220-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2220-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {mousavi, Seyed Mahdi and Koohpaei, Alireza and hajizadeh, Roohalah and yazdanirad, saeed and moradirad, rohaldin and FaghihniaTorshizi, Yoosef}, title = {Semi-quantitative risk assessment of occupational exposure area industrial wastewater Treatment unit in an oil refinery and chemical contaminants}, abstract ={Background and aims: The chemical pollution in industries has make an unacceptable risk for the human health. For the risk assessment of the human exposure, it is necessary to be considered the material dangers based on the consumption rate, dose, toxic properties, and evaluation of potential effects on the human health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the semi-quantitative risk of the occupational exposure to chemical contaminants among workers of the industrial wastewater unit in an oil refinery as a model to predict the exposure.  Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was performed in the industrial wastewater unit of Abadan oil refinery in 2016. After the similar exposure groups (SEGs) were determined and information were collected, fourteen materials were measured by the short-time personal sampling and real-time monitoring methods using the ION- First Check. The exposure rate of workers to chemical contaminants was determined using the Industrial Hygiene Statistics software (IHS) based on the results of the sampling and analysis. At the first, the Exposure Rate (ER) and then the Hazard Rate (HR) were calculated to determine the exposure risk level. Results: Based on the results of this study, pools were cleaned four times per day and fourteen hours per week by workers. The results showed that weekly exposure of workers to ethylene oxide (16.7 ppm), nitrobenzene (16 ppm), and nitrogen dioxide (15 ppm) had the highest values, respectively. Lowest values of the exposure were related to the carbon monoxide (2.8 ppm) and carbon disulfide (1.5 ppm), respectively. Benzene (12.5), ethylene oxide (10), acrolein (10), nitro benzene (7.5), hydrogen sulfide (7.5), hydrogen peroxide (7.5) and aniline (6) had the highest risk level, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that workers of the industrial wastewater unit have a very high risk level of the exposure to chemical contaminants. Therefore, the prioritization of control measures such as new wastewater treatment methods using the semi-quantitative health risk assessment is one of the most important ways to prevent and decrease the exposure of workers to contaminants.    }, Keywords = {Semi-quantitative risk assessment, similar exposure groups (SEG), refinery, industrial wastewater unit}, volume = {15}, Number = {6}, pages = {8-15}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2213-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2213-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {MirzaeeAliabadi, Mostafa and Mohammadfam, Iraj and ahmadigahar, Ahmadrez}, title = {Root causes analysis of the Blow out of oil and gas wells in the drilling industry using Bow-Tie Analysis}, abstract ={Abstract Background and aims: One of the major concerns in the oil and gas drilling industry are Blowouts. Blowout could have severe consequences, such as fire and explosions, releases of toxic gases and environmental disasters. The aim of this study is to identify the root causes of kick and blowout in drilling industry. Methods: In this study, FTA investigates root causes of a kick while ETA explores the possible consequences (including blowout) arising from a kick. Bow Tie Analysis (BTA) combines FTA and ETA to explore the root causes and consequences (blowout) of a kick in onshore exploration Results: 28 basic event (root causes) have been identified for kick. Also to mitigate kick consequences, 8 safety barriers recognized. The probability of kick and blowout was calculated as 1/23× and 2/94×,respectively. The order of importance measure of each root causes was listed. Conclusions: In this study, Getting into the high pressure zone and not filling well with drilling mud during the trip up, was identified as the most important root causes of kick. Furthermore, early diagnosis of kick and the proper functioning of Blow-Out Preventer (BOP) were recognized as the first safety barrier to prevent the blowout.}, Keywords = {Keywords: Blowout, kick, risk assessment, Bow Tie Analysis (BTA) }, volume = {15}, Number = {6}, pages = {16-24}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2127-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2127-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ansari, Samira and Hematgar, Mohammad amin and Rezapoor, Morteza and Varmazyar, Sakineh}, title = {Investigation of the effect of educational chairs on satisfaction of students and prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders}, abstract ={Background and aims: Chair's design based on ergonomic in addition to increase productivity and quality education, leading to the satisfaction and comfort of the people. Given that identify chairs' problems and correct them, can prevent the occurrence of discomfort in users, the aim of this study was to measure student satisfaction from teaching chairs and their impact on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in 1395 among 180 students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. Researchers designed satisfaction questionnaire used to assess the satisfaction from the 6 chair questionnaire and Nordic questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Collected data were analyzed by Chi square and Kruskal-wallis tests in SPSS20 software. Results: The highest satisfaction was allocated to chair 4 and 6 as well as the highest prevalence of disorders was observed in back. A significant relationship was between overall satisfaction and the prevalence of discomfort in back (p=0.004) and hips (p=0.043) and there was a significant relationship between the chair type and the overall satisfaction of them. A significant relationship was observed between the chair type and prevalence of disorders in any areas of the body (P>0.05). Conclusion: Adjustability, material, flexibility of backrest and back support, good appearance and strength of chair are from effective factors on satisfaction. With training ergonomics principles and correct sitting style to students and modify their postures can be prevented the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders and consequently, increased levels of satisfaction}, Keywords = {Ergonomics, Satisfaction, Musculoskeletal, disorders}, volume = {15}, Number = {6}, pages = {25-33}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2110-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2110-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Haqiqat, Ehsan and ZareMehjerdi, Yahi}, title = {Safety Risks Impacts Analysis on Construction Project Objectives Using a Hybrid Model of Fuzzy Expert System and Latin Hyper Cube Sampling}, abstract ={Background and aims: The construction industry has a high rate of fatal or nonfatal injuries and all around the world which remains one of the most dangerous occupations till now. Since project safety and measuring danger in the construction industry is a crucial subject, so this study aimed to measure the impacts of safety risks on the time and cost objectives of project using a hybrid method of expert system and efficient simulation based on the nature of safety risks.  Methods: After recognizing safety risks and specifying the level of uncertainty of occurrence and risks impacts by using designed Fuzzy Expert System, safety risks integrated to the initial plan of scheduling and budgeting for simulating the safety risks impacts on time and cost objectives of the project by using Latin Hypercube Sampling.  Results: Assessment of safety risks systematically without human interference with fuzzy expert system makes the appropriate response to the identified risks. Also, simulating the safety risks impacts on project time and cost plans in three phases (before identification of risks, after identification of risks and finally, after doing corrective actions) not only helps the project managers to monitor the safety projects better, but also allows us to simulate the risks with high impacts but with low probabilities which in the classic Monte Carlo simulation the evaluation of these kind of risks (low probability-high impact) is not accurate. Conclusion: Systematic analysis of safety risks impacts on the objectives of a project (time and cost) by using the proposed hybrid Fuzzy Expert System- Latin Hypercube Simulation in the construction industry can lead to effective risk management and better planning, scheduling and budgeting.}, Keywords = {Safety Risks, Risk Analysis, Project Objectives, Fuzzy Expert System (FES), Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS).}, volume = {15}, Number = {6}, pages = {34-47}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2090-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2090-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Vatani, Javad and FarhadiHassankiadeh, Roghaye and FaghihniaTorshizi, Yoosef}, title = {The new structure of economic evaluation Health, Safety and Environment - Management System (HSE-MS) approach to estimate the cost of accident human}, abstract ={Background and aims: Today, the growth of high technology industry faces us to some problems like air pollution, work-related accidents and occupational diseases which make it necessary to use a HSE-MS management system in different projects. However, the implementation of this system need to spend some money and time, so because of the reduced of cost trend in some managers, they regardless of do that or do it imperfect. Methods: In this paper, the value of the flow of the investment process in the HSE-MS system in the form of fuzzy numbers, using the method of return on capital investment (IRR) method, evaluated the economics of this investment under fuzzy environments. Also, this paper describes how to calculate the cost of accidents, how to calculate the amount of investment in the HSE-MS system, introducing the IRR method, introducing the theory of fuzzy sets, how to calculate fuzzy IRR, and finally, we describe the proposed method. The calculations are analyzed using the @RISK software. Results: As you can see, the financial process resulting from the implementation of the HSE-MS management system is both economic and financially based on the FIRR method and the use of the @RISK software and implies the need for the implementation of a safety management system from an economic point of view. In other words, the average return on capital employed in the financial process resulting from the implementation of the HSE-MS management system, according to the IRR method, is almost 22%, much higher than the average market rate of 5%, and strongly emphasizes the economic nature of this financial process. Conclusion: According to the findings of the recent study, Internal Rate of Return is between 14% and 18%, and is more than the market rate (7%). So it’s indicating that the investment in the aforementioned sector is very profitable and leads to returning capital over the next few years will be. In the other hand, investment in the safety, health and environmental sectors in addition to decreasing the risks of decreasing the job and thus reducing occupational accidents and job satisfaction leads to the profitability of projects.  }, Keywords = {HSE-MS Management System, Economic Evaluation, Internal Rate of Return, Fuzzy Theory, software @RISK}, volume = {15}, Number = {6}, pages = {48-59}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2083-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2083-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Choubdar, Mohadeseh and Mohammadi, Faezeh and SafariVaryani, Ali and Hasani, Khadije and Nikpey, Ahm}, title = {Investigating of relationship between biological and non-biological airborne particles in the internal section of two educational hospitals in Qazvin city}, abstract ={Background: Hospital-acquired infections, are the most important consequence in exposure to bioaerosols in which affect health of staffs and clients. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between fungal bioaerosols and particulate matter in two educational hospitals in Qazvin city in 2017. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study, was performed in 12 of two hospitals indoor wards and outdoor air, during six months. Bioaerosols sampling was done by Quick Take-30 at an airflow rate of 28.3 L/min, for 5-10 min. determination of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations conducted by a Micro-Dust Pro at flowrate of 3.8 L/min as µg/m3. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20, non-parametric tests and Spearman's correlation. Results: Results indicated that the highest and lowest of total of microbial density was for EMS1 and operating rooms. Peak of fungal bioaerosols was observed in women’s surgery1 (92.7 CFU/m3). Species of Aspergillus niger was the most frequency fungi. Significant correlation was observed between fungal concentration and PM10, temperature and humidity ratio (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study the main sources of pollution were related to hospital wards. Thus suggests controlling of microorganisms of air by improving of ventilation system, observance of sanitary and cleanliness regulations and continual assessment of indoor air quality. Because of association between PM2.5 and PM10 and bioaerosols density, measurement of the particulate matter concentration can be used as an easy and quick tool for predicting of the air microbial contamination in healthcare centers.}, Keywords = {Hospital, Indoor air quality, Particulate matter, Bioaerosol, Hospital infection}, volume = {15}, Number = {6}, pages = {60-71}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2303-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2303-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2019} } @article{ author = {Ghaleh, Sahar and Omidvari, Manouchehr and Nassiri, Parvin and Momeni, Mansour and Mirlavasani, Seyad Mohammad rez}, title = {Presenting of safety performance assessment pattern of road trucks}, abstract ={Background and aim: hazardous materials transport is one of the most important problems in developing countries. The accidents involving the fleet of hazardous materials transport can have irreparable consequences. The study was aimed to present safety performance assessment pattern of road trucks with risk assessment approach. Methods: This is a descriptive study. In this study, the Accidents of road trucks with fix tank were studied during a 10-year period (1384-1394).The safety criteria and sub-criteria with respect to technical characteristics of road trucks divided in two categories: “Inductive factors of human error” and “Non-inductive factors of human error” In order to determine the final criteria and sub criteria and weighting them, the team of experts and FAHP method was used. Result: The results showed that the most important effective criterion on safety performance of road truck is “Inductive factors of human error”. Also, the most important effective sub-criteria are “Brake system and their connections”, “Ventilation system” and “Technical inspections”. With respect to the pattern “Hino, Mack, Howo 6×4(10 wheels), Dangfeng” trucks have received the lowest safety level. Conclusion: The causes of low safety level in fleet of hazardous materials transport in Iran, are the lack of timely inspections and inefficiencies in the technical equipment of the trucks such as “malfunction of ventilation and Brake system and their connections” which it’s most important reason is non-commitment of Iran to ADR agreement.  }, Keywords = {safety performance assessment, road truck, inductive condition of human error, analytic hierarchy process in fuzzy environment}, volume = {15}, Number = {6}, pages = {73-80}, publisher = { Iran University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2275-en.html}, eprint = {http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2275-en.pdf}, journal = {Iran Occupational Health}, issn = {1735-5133}, eissn = {2228-7493}, year = {2019} }