Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Night shift effects on Cognitive executive functions and alertness among petrochemical control room operators
1
11
FA
reza
kazemi
ergonomics
reza_kazemi2007@yahoo.com
Y
majid
motamedzadeh
ergonomics
m.motamedzadeh@yahoo.com
N
rashid
haidarimoghadam
ergonomics
dr.haidarimoghadam@yahoo.com
N
Background and aims: Shift work and in particular night shift work is associated with many problems such as sleep deprivation, sleepiness, decreased cognitive performance, increased human errors, and fatigue; it is also one of the major contributors of increasing the likelihood of risk of accidents in the industry. Better matching between individuals’ circadian rhythm and night shift and higher work performance can be achieved via designing an appropriate work shift pattern. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two different rotating night shifts on information processing and alertness.
Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted among 60 employees of the petrochemical industry control rooms with two different shift pattern consists of 7 consecutive nights (or 7 N) and 4 nights (4N). To assess the cognitive performance, n-back test, continuous performance test and simple reaction time test were employed. For assessing alertness the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) were used.
Results: Results from the both schedules indicated that the accuracy and speed of working memory and reaction time were significantly reduced (p<0.001), while attentional errors and sleepiness increased (p<0.01) during the shift work. Consecutive night shifts had a significant impact on reaction time and commission errors (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The main duty of control room operators (CROs) at a petrochemical plant is checking hazardous processes which require appropriate alertness and cognitive performance. As a result, planning for appropriate working hours and suitable number of consecutive night shifts in a rotating shift system is a contribution to improving CROs performance and alertness and enhancing the safety.
Consecutive night shift, executive functions, alertness
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1993-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1993-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
The effect of nozzle number, concentration of input ammonia gas and scrubbing liquid pressure on NH3 removal efficiency of a spray tower
12
17
FA
Mohammad Javad
Jafari
Collage of Health
Jafari1952@yahoo.com
N
amirhossein
matin
Collage of Health
ahm_xxxx@yahoo.com
N
alireza
rahmati
Collage of Health
alrahmati@aol.com
Y
mansor
rezazade azari
Collage of Health
mrazari@sbmu.ac.ir
N
Seyed Saeed
Hosseini
School of Mechanical Engineering
alrahmati@aol.com
N
Davod
Panahi
Collage of Health
alrahmati@aol.com
N
Background and aims: Spray tower is a cost effective and simple equipment for ammonia gas purification. But its’ appropriate performance in the removal of ammonia gas is under question. In this study, the effect of nozzle number, concentration of input ammonia gas and scrubbing liquid pressure over the removal efficiency of spray tower was studied.
Methods: In present study, a spray tower was used to remove ammonia from air at room temperature and barometric pressure of Tehran. Ammonia gas at average concentration of 24.1, 52 and 68 parts per million was injected into the tower. Water was applied at a volumetric flow rate of 5 liters per minute and at 9, 10 and 12 bar head as the scrubbing liquid. The air flow rate in 3737.8 liters per minute was adjusted by a variable speed fan. Scrubbing liquid was sprayed using 1, 2 and 3 nozzle settings with a 20 μm size. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS software.
Results: The highest removal efficiency of 88.38% and the lowest removal efficiency of 51.47% Were obtained. Increasing the number of nozzles did not increase the removal efficiency significantly (P-Value = 0.06).
Conclusion: Removal efficiency of spray tower decreased by increasing the input ammonia gas concentration. Increasing the number of nozzles mounted on the spray tower from 1 to 3 increased the removal efficiency. Increasing the scrubbing liquid pressure increased the removal efficiency of ammonia gas by spray tower. It is advisable to increase the size of the nozzle outlet and apply caustic scrubbing solution to get removal efficiencies of higher than 90%.
Spray tower, Nozzle number, Removal efficiency, Pressure of washing liquid
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1690-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1690-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
The investigation of affection risk to skin symptoms (dermatitis) in Educational hospitals staff services in Yazd with Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire
18
25
FA
maryam
feize arefi
University of Medical Sciences of shahid sadooghi-iran
f.arefi1390@gmail.com
N
Mohammad Javad
Zare Sakhvidi
University of Medical Sciences of shahid sadooghi-iran
mjzs63@gmail.com
N
fatemeh
kargar
University of Medical Sciences of shahid sadooghi-iran
kargar_st@yahoo.com
Y
Mehrdad,
mostaghaci
University of Medical Sciences of shahid sadooghi-iran
mehrdadmostaghaci@gmail.com
N
Ghasem
Zare
University of Medical Sciences of shahid sadooghi-iran
ghz1366@gmail.com
N
Zahra i
Maghsood
University of Medical Sciences of shahid sadooghi-iran
maghsoudi.zahra89@gmail.com
N
fariba
zare sakhvidi
University of Medical Sciences of shahid sadooghi-iran
fzare91@gmail.com
N
Background and aims: The hospital staff services due to their jobs are daily exposed with disinfectant and cleaning substances and the exposure with these materials will cause dermatitis. The aim of this study was to determine the Affection risk to skin symptoms in hospital staff services due to continuous exposure to detergents and disinfectants.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study 170 male and female staff services in both Educational hospital of Yazdwere evaluated. Using Nordic questionnaire about the frequency of skin symptoms including:skin redness, swelling, scaling and small blisters,scaly and itching on the hands, forearms, and between the fingers of The employees were collected and analyzed by SPSS software 16 version.
Results: In this study the overall prevalence of hand dermatitis among the staff service was 36.8 percent . the most common symptom of skin dermatitis were scaling of the hands, forearms or fingers along the crack them (25.5 percent). Symptoms of redness and itching of the skin, hands, forearms or fingers with cracked skin were more in women than men .Symptoms of red skin and scaly hands, forearms or fingers and cracking of skin were more in individuals with less work experience.
Conclusion: The results showed a strong correlation between exposure in the workplace and skin dermatitis among workers in the service. In order to reduce exposure to detergents and reducing the incidence of skin dermatitis symptoms, use of appropriate gloves and proper training required in their use is recommended.
dermatitis,hospital staff, detergents, Nordic occupational skin questionnaire
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1803-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1803-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Ergonomic assessment of clutch pedal in some commonmodels of vehiclesin taxi routes in Tehran
26
35
FA
Adel
Mazloumi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
amazlomi@tums.ac.ir
Y
Zeinab
Kazemi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
z-kazemi@alumnus.tums.ac.ir
N
Seyed Reza
Aghazade
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
aghazade@yahoo.com
N
Mehdi
Miri
IranKhodro Powertrain Company
z-kazemi@razi.tums.ac.ir
N
Hossein
ShirMohammadi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
shirmohammadi@gmail.com
N
Background and aims: Clutch pedal is one of the most important control systems of automobile. As a foot controller due to the location and mechanisms of action, in case of improper design pedal clutch can reduce driver fatigue, as well as the comfort and safety of the vehicle. In the present research, clutch comfort of some common models of vehicles in taxi routes in Tehran were investigated from the viewpoint of ergonomics.
Methods: In this cross-sectional and practical study, 120 drivers of taxi routes in Tehran were selected by stratified random sampling. Both objective (pressure-release force, frequency and duration of clutching) and subjective (specialized questionnaires) were used in order to assess fatigue and clutch comfort. Regarding objective assessments, the pressure-release force was measured using piezoelectric pressure dynamometer, and frequency and duration of clutching was estimated by means of a micro-switch named Data Logger.
Results: Significant differences were observed in percieved discomfort in all bady parts involved in clutching, after the working shift. The highest discomfort belonged to back (3.97) and Knee (3.86) while the lowest value wer for upper thigh (1.45) and upper leg (1.98). Furthermore, drivers of Peykan and Roa automobiles reported the highest discomfort. Regarding the force and frequency of clutching, the hghest value was belonged to Peykan.
Conclusion: According the the results, long-term use of the clutch pedal in all studied models of automobiles causes significant discomfort after the working shift. It is suggested that automobiles in Tehran taxi routes replace with the automatic gear ones and the Paykan and Roa, which showed the reatest discomfort) with other models.
Ergonomic assessment, driving, fatigue, clutching
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1531-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1531-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Effectiveness of work- life conflict management model on life satisfaction and work engagement of male employees
36
36
FA
salman
zarei
Lorestan Universi
salman_zarei@yahoo.com
Y
masomeh
esmaeili
Allameh Tabataba’ i University
esmaili@yahoo.co
N
hosein
salimi
Allameh Tabataba’ i University
salimi@yahoo.com
N
kiomars
farahbahksh
Allameh Tabataba’ i University
farahbakhsh@com
N
Abstract
Background and aims: The aim of this present study was to examine the effectiveness of work- life conflict management model on life satisfaction and work engagement of male employees.
Method: Population of this study was male employees of Parsian Bank in Tehran. In a pretest- posttest experimental research design with control group, a total of 24 male employees selected via simple sampling and accidently divided into experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=12). The experimental group was undergone six-session format of work- life conflict management program and the control group didn’t receive any training program. Data was collected using Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and work engagement scale(UWES) and then data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and covariance analysis (ANCOVA).
Results: Findings showed significance difference between both experimental and control group in satisfaction of life and work engagement score (P<0/01).
Conclusion: So, work- life conflict management model is effective in increasing satisfaction of life and work engagement of male employees.
Keywords: Work- Life Conflict Management, Satisfaction of Life, work engagement, male employees.
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1672-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1672-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Comparison of personality characteristics and attitude towards safety among injured and non- injured workers
47
56
FA
Ali
Mehdad
Department of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
alimahdad.am@gmail.com
Y
Zahra
Ghasemi
Department of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
ghasemisky21@yahoo.com
N
Background and aims: The impact of work-related accidents due to multiple psychological consequences, financial and material outcomes, is in the focus of industrial and organizational psychology, management and health and safety specialist’s attention. For this purpose, this study aimed to compare personality characteristics and attitude towards safety among injured and non- injured workers was conducted in a large industrial plant.
Methods: This research is done with the method Causal-comparative and sample of 32 persons of injured and 30 persons non- injured that were selected randomly, and for data collection questionnaire of Personality Traits and questionnaire of safety attitudes were used, both questionnaires have satisfactory reliability and validity. Findings were analyzed by use of multivariable analysis of variances and t test for independent groups. Analyzing and comparing is done by SPSS software version 16.
Results: Scores of injured workers in the personality characteristic components as neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and attitude towards safety for injured workers are respectively 2/58, 3/39, 3/21, 3/51, 3/91 and 3/71, and for non- injured workers 2/48, 3/52, 3/25, 3/55, 3/90, 3/92 respectively. Despite the existence of differences between injured and non- injured workers in the scores of neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and attitude towards safety, but the differences was not significant (p <0/05).
Conclusion: According to existence of differences between scores of personality characteristic components and attitudes toward safety among injured and non- injured workers and lack of significant differences in research findings, it is likely that the one of most causes of many occupational accidents in the industry is insecure environment. Hence, attention to safe work environment should be the first priority for officials and industry executives.
personality characteristics, attitude towards safety, injured and non- injured workers, industrial plant
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1819-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1819-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Evaluation of safety culture in staffs of South Pars Gas Company
57
69
FA
Fatemeh
Rahmati N.K
Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
fatemeh_rahmaty@yahoo.com
N
Hesam Aldin
Maneshi
Research Committee of Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
omidsadeghi69@yahoo.com
N
Masoud
Rezaie
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
masoud.rezaei68@yahoo.com
Y
Mohammad
Abbasi
Faculty of Nursing, Department of Nursing and midwifery Qom, University of Medical Sciences Qom , Qom, Iran
omidsadeghi69@yahoo.com
N
Background and aims: Safety in companies related to oil and gas is very important. Hence, the purpose of current study is to assess safety culture by using behavioural and environmental forms in staffs of South Pars Gas Company.
Methods: Totally, 1000 participants were randomly selected for this descriptive study from different parts of South Pars Gas Company. After selection of participants, demographic data were collected from each participant and behavioural and environmental forms based on Geller model were completed for all individuals through interview.
Results: Totally, one hundred persons with mean age of 30.33 ± 4.59 years participated in this study. Findings from behavioural form showed that safety status is in an appropriate condition, although some safety items in this form should be paid more attention. Findings from environmental form showed that this company not have appropriate function in some items including education, first aids, equipment safety, chemical substances, pressured cylinders, lighting, sound, vibration, atmospheric condition and ergonomics. Therefore, an appropriate plan is necessary to promote safety culture for these items.
Conclusion: This study showed a good condition for behavioural safety status of South Gas company staffs, but no appropriate condition was seen for environmental safety status. Therefore, this condition should be more attention by the company's managers.
Iran, Safety Management, safety
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1823-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1823-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Survey of occupational exposure to needle stick and its risk factors among Healthcare Workers in one of Sabzevar’s hospital
70
77
FA
Fatemeh
Abareshi
fateme.abareshi@gmail.com
Y
Reza
Hekmatshoar
reza_hekmatshoar@yahoo.com
N
Mojtaba
Zokaei
mzokaei2011@gmail.com
N
Rahim
Akrami
akrami.rahim@gmail.com
N
Background and aims: One of the most important and preventable hazard related to Healthcare Workers (HCWs) are Needle Stick Injuries (NSI). Biologic outcomes of these injuries can be so hazardous and can cause to transmission of disease such as AIDS, Hepatitis B and C. The aim of this study was determination of occupational exposure to needle stick and its risk factors in one of Sabzevar’s hospital.
Methods: This is a cross sectional study on HCWs that by the help of related questionnaire, rate and characteristics of exposure of healthcare personnel was determined. Sampling method was in form of consensus and finally collected data with the help of STATA software and using descriptive and chi-square test were analyzed.
Result: Occupational exposure to needle stick among participated HCWs with at least one injury in 12 months before study was close to 32.99%. Among the different variables that might have influenced on the needle stick injuries only training, education level and work experience had significant relationship. (p= 0.001, 0.009,0.009). About organizational factors, the result showed there is a good guideline for reporting injuries and about 79% of employees said they are familiar with how to report. In the case of cause of needle stick injuries, carelessness and high work load pressure were the most frequent respectively.(40.68, 38.98).
Conclusion: regarding to high rate of needle stick injurie, its a very serious threat for health care workers to suffer from infectious diseases.detailed inspection in order to achieve to hidden causes and providing control solution for hazardous factors can help managers in improving the level of health and safety in health care system.
Needle stick , Risk factor , Healthcare Workers
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1892-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1892-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
The effect of trunk flexion angle and anthropometric dimensions on the accuracy of the allowable weight limits in pilot study
78
87
FA
davood
afshari
davodafi@yahoo.com
Y
Mahmood
Latifi
latifi81@gmail.com
N
Samira
Kord
samirakord6@gmail.com
N
Background and aims: Iranian lifting guidelines are used as a risk assessment tool to prevent back pain in various industries. It is believed that the tools and methods used for the assessment should be simple and yet accurate.Given that this guideline adopted the American Conference of Governmental Hygienists (ACGIH) threshold limit values (TLVs) for lifting as allowable load limits and the accuracy of the allowable weight values has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of trunk angle and anthropometric dimensions on the accuracy of the allowable weight limits.
Methods: In this study, 15 workers who had experience in manual handling were asked to perform lifting tasks in accordance with the Iranian guidelines. The subjects’ anthropometric and trunk inclination angles were recorded using a triaxial accelerometer (inclinometer) for each task, and the compressive forces were estimated using 3DSSPP and then compared with NIOSH’s recommended limits (3400N).
Results:The results showed that among 25 tasks, the mean trunk angle of 13 tasks was between 90 and 130 degrees.
Statistically, considering a standard deviation above the determined mean, the average compressive forces estimated for 9 tasks were greater than NIOSH recommendation (3400).
Conclusion: In most tasks, vertical height and horizontal distance of external loads from the body leads to awkward postures that can be the main reasons for increased compressive force. Lack adaption some anthropometric measurements result in increased mechanical loads on the back. Therefore, it seems that the limit values for Iranian lifting guideline are not sufficiently accurate to assess the risk of back injuries and needs to be reviewed.
Manual lifting , Compressive load, Trunk flexion angle, ACGIH TLV, anthropometric,
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1932-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1932-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Relationship between Personality Characteristics and Accident Proneness of Iranian Bus Drivers
88
98
FA
Amirabbas
Mofidi
a.mofidi@modares.ac.ir
N
Shahram
Vosoughi
PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Occupational Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
vosoughi.sh@iums.ac.ir
Y
Seyed Bager
Mortazavi
sbmortazavi@yahoo.co.uk
N
Omran
Ahmadi
N
Background and aims: Thousands of people die in road crashes each year and several hundred thousand are disabled, as a result of road traffic accidents. Counts of fatal accidents were caused by drivers who are not comply with their jobs. Studies indicated that small percentage of people are more likely to have accidents in a similar situation, whom named as accident-prone drivers. This study aims to determine the effects of personality and demographic characteristics on accident proneness of Iranian bus drivers.
Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted in the winter of 2016, in order to identify the relationship between driver’s personality and demographic characteristics with accident proneness. To obtain demographic and personality characteristics, NEO questionnaires was used. All samples were selected through drivers of a transportation company with similar work schedule. In order to control environmental parameters all sample were collected during certain hours of the day with similar traffic and weather conditions, during 20 days. To investigate the relationship between parameters, spearman as a non-parametric statistical tests was used by SPSS version 19.
Results: Statistical analysis result indicated that in terms of personality neuroticism, extraversion, desire for new experiences, agreeableness, 72%, 33%, 69%, 41% and 100% of drivers were placed between 12-24, respectively, and 27%, 66%, 30%, 58% of them were categorized in the intermediate range 24 to 48. Results indicated significant correlation between the number of driver’s errors and each of the five measured personality inventory (P <0.05).
Conclusion: The number of driver’s errors and NEO questionnaire score correlation indicated that use of this questionnaire provide a great opportunity to identify accident-prone drivers, especially when historical data is not available.
Driving Error, Bus Driver, Accident Proneness, Personality, NEO questionnaire, DVR
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1934-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1934-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
The effect of personal protective equipment on plasma cholinesterase activity of spraying farmers in cucumber fields
99
106
FA
Mehdi
Mirrezaei
Student Research Center, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
mehdimirrezaei458@gmail.com
N
sara
Karimi Zeverdegani
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
s_karimi@hlth.mui.ac.ir
Y
Masoud
Rismanchian
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Rismanchian@hlth.mui.ac.ir
N
Akbar
Hassanzadeh
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
hassanzadeh@hlth.mui.ac.ir
N
Background and aims: Researches show that exposure to pesticides is occupationally common in agricultural task. Organophosphate (OP) compounds are diverse classes of pesticides with the most well known applications as insecticides and, to a lesser extent, as herbicides in agriculture. Organophosphate poisoning (OPP) is a major problem worldwide, especially in developing countries, with millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths occurring each year.
Methods: A total of 34 patients of male farmers spraying 20 to 60 years that exposure to organophosphate insecticides in the South West region were selected and were divided into two groups. 17 patients as controls were studied among people who were not farmers. Protective clothing was offered to a group of farmers to use them during spraying. While another group of farmers in their daily work without the use of protective clothing were studied in this way. After spraying operation a blood sample collected from the three groups and their plasma cholinesterase activity was evaluated by DGKC method.
Results: After spraying, the mean plasma cholinesterase enzyme in the control group was 8516.3 and in without clothes was 13655.8. But in the group with clothes enzyme average was 11639.3.
Conclusion: Organophosphorus pesticide poisoning in our country is one of the main causes of poisoning among farmers. However, according to the results of research and assessment of exposure to organophosphate insecticides and affect the levels of cholinesterase enzyme indicated It can be said that the use of appropriate personal protective equipment has essential role in reducing the level of damage to the enzyme cholinesterase.
Organophosphate pesticides, Protective clothing, Farmers, Cholinesterase enzyme
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1973-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1973-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Experimental validation of a local ventilation design software
107
115
FA
Mohammad javad
Jafari
jafari1952@yahoo.com
N
najaf
noorizadeh
najafnoorizadeh24@gmail.com
Y
Soheila
khodakarim
Lkhodakarim@gmail.com
N
Background and aims: The application of computer codes and numerical modeling in studies and industry is growing. When using computer codes, the accuracy of these encodings and modelings are big questions. Comparing the results of the software with experimental results is the best method of evaluating these programs. The objective of this study was to experimentally validate a software program developed for local exhaust ventilation design.
Methods: In this experimental study, seven different local exhaust ventilation systems were designed and constructed. Velocity pressure, static pressure, total pressure and air velocity were measured at key points of each system. All measured values were compared with similar calculated values by computer software. One-sample T test and Bland Altman plot were used to compare the similar measured and computed parameters. SPSS version 19 was applied for statistical analysis.
Results: The percentage difference of measured and calculated air velocities at all channels and hoods were ignorable with maximum amount of 0.5%. Difference between the measured and the calculated values of velocity pressure, static pressure and total pressure in the entire systems were less than 5 percent. Bland-Altman plot and one sample T test showed that the differences were in the range of 2SD and confirmed matching.
The results revealed that the air velocities measured with Pitot tube are much more accurate than those measured by thermal anemometer with maximum difference of 14.7%.
Conclusion: This study showed that the tested software has an acceptable accuracy with less than ± 5% of error. It also revealed that the application of Pitot tube is much more accurate that thermal anemometer.
experimental validation, software, local exhaust ventilation, Pitot tube, thermal anemometer.
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1976-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1976-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
The effect of secondary mental work load drivers using the index (DALI)
116
125
FA
Faremeh Soghra
Yosefi
Mazandaran university of medical sciences, Sari, Iran
abbaszadeh989@gmail.com
N
Mojtaba
Abbas-Zadeh
Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
abbaszadeh989@gmail.com
N
Jamshid
Yazdani Charati
Mazandaran university of medical sciences, Sari, Iran
abbaszadeh989@gmail.com
N
Siavash
Etemadi-Nejad
Mazandaran university of medical sciences, Sari, Iran
abbaszadeh989@gmail.com
Y
Background and aims: Car Accident reports shows that the main cause of accidents is driver error and unsafe behavior. Workload of the major factors affecting driver that has a direct impact on the incidence of traffic accidents. This study aimed to evaluate aspects of mental work load of auditory-verbal secondary task was performed while driving.
Methods: Twenty professional bus driver randomly selected and participated in this study.
The bus driving simulator and the burden of driver activities (DALI) was used. Experiment was created from two blocks: the first block drivers are only driving activity carried out and the second block in addition to the driver, auditory-verbal secondary task also responded to. To compare the results of two blocks, independent t-test and to investigate the relationship between a brake reaction time and mental load analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient was used.
Results: The results showed that secondary task all aspects of mental workload increases significantly.
A brake reaction time and the number of collisions dramatically increased in terms of the secondary task. The relationship between mental workload and increase reaction time was seen braking and collision numbers.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that secondary task during driving can cause to increase the brake reaction time and risk of accidents by increasing the drivers’ mental workload of drivers and interfering with driving activity. These results indicate that driving experience does not reduce the effect of secondary activity during driving.
driver's mental workload, secondary task, DALI index
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1978-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1978-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
Predicting maximum oxygen consumption based on anthropometric dimensions in medical emergency students
126
134
FA
payam
heydari
payam.haydari69@yahoo.com
N
sakineh
varmazyar
svarmazyar@qums.ac.ir
Y
mojtaba
jafarvand
m.jafarvand@yahoo.com
N
shamseddin
alizadeh
ss.alizadeh@gmail.com
N
chia
hakimi
payam.haydari@gmail.com
N
Background and aims: Body anthropometric dimensions are among the factors affecting the maximum oxygen consumption. This study aimed to predict maximum oxygen consumption based on anthropometric dimensions in medical emergency students.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 56 medical emergency students from Qazvin University of medical sciences. Initially, physical activity readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) was applied to ensure the full health of participants to inter the study. Maximum oxygen consumption measured using Gerkin treadmill test. Anthropometric dimensions were measured by tape measure, anthropometer and kolis. Obtain data was analyzed by Pearson product moment correlation and multiple linear regressions in SPSS 19 software.
Results: The mean age of participants was 21.69 years. The mean of maximum oxygen consumption and mean of foot length estimated 4.17 L/min and 96.35 cm, respectively. There was significant correlation between the maximum oxygen with the anthropometric dimensions. Variables of dimensions of abdomen circumstance, foot length and leg circumstance predicted 63.7 percent of the maximum oxygen consumption.
Conclusion: The results indicated that the anthropometric dimensions are the factors affecting the maximum oxygen consumption among medical emergency student. So, it is necessary to be paid attention to anthropometric dimension in selection of students and matching between person capabilities with energy.
Keywords: Maximum oxygen consumption, anthropometric dimension, students, medical emergency
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1983-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1983-en.pdf
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Iran Occupational Health
1735-5133
2228-7493
14
6
2018
3
1
The Role of Lighting, Window Views and Indoor Plants on Stress Reduction of Offices’ Staffs by Psychophysics method
135
147
FA
abdolhamid
ghanbaran
Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
ghanbaran@srttu.edu
Y
Reza
Ebrahimpour
Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
rebrahimpour@srttu.edu
N
Pegah
Payedar Ardakani
Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University
pegah.paydar71@gmail.com
N
Maryam
Tohidi Moghadam
Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences
tohidimm88@yahoo.com
N
Background and aims: Today job stress is one of the most important problems of staffs that has physical and mental impact on them and also reduces their efficiency; therefore, it can affect organizations’ productivity and economy. Besides, regarding offices around the world and their improvements in 20th century comparing to offices in Iran, shows that we need to research and change Iranian official spaces design. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of natural lighting, window views and indoor plants on stress reduction of offices’ staffs.
Methods: To achieve this end, Psychophysics method is used. Also, to evaluate stressful conditions, a researcher-making test based on Stroop Word-Color Test is examined and collected data is analyzed by using MATLAB. The examinees are teachers from all provinces in Iran.
Results: The analysis shows that the reaction time is increased in stimulus showing lack of natural light, window view and indoor plants. Accordingly, the average reaction time in unpleasant images is significantly more than pleasant ones (P<0.1).
Conclusion: Data analysis shows that the degree of stress is influenced by natural lighting, window view and indoor plants of workplace that can be improved by giving attention to these three factors in interior design to design a pleasant and dynamic workplace.
staffs’ stress, natural lighting, window view, indoor plant, official spaces design
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1985-en.html
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1985-en.pdf