Iran Occupational Health Journal
سلامت كار ايران
ioh
Medical Sciences
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir
136
journal136
1735-5133
2228-7493
10.61186/ioh
fa
jalali
1401
10
1
gregorian
2023
1
1
19
1
online
1
fulltext
en
تدوین اولویتهای پژوهشی پرستاری کوید 19 در ایران_ تکنیک دلفی
Determination of COVID-19 Nursing Research Priorities in Iran: Delphi Technique
مطالعات کمی و کیفی
Qualitative and quantitative studies
Full Text
Full Text
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:16.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه : </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در بیماری همه گیر ویروس کرونا</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> (SARS-CoV-2) 2019 (COVID-19) </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بار جهانی بر سیستم های مراقبت های بهداشتی به طور قابل توجهی افزایش یافت </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(1)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. و منجر به تغییرات بی سابقه در سازماندهی و ارائه مراقبت های بهداشتی در سطوح ملی، سیستمی و سازمانی شد. پرستاران در سطح جهانی به عنوان محوری برای مراقبت های بهداشتی در یک زمینه همه گیر شناخته می شوند </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(2)</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> پرستاران در خط مقدم مراقبت و آسیب پذیرتر هستند. موقعیت های تهدید کننده زندگی باعث می شود که وضعیت فیزیکی و روانی پرستار در طول شیوع همه گیر</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کووید-19بسیار استرس زا باشد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(3)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. مجموعه رو به رشدی از تحقیقات نگرانی های عمیقی را در مورد تأثیر کار در طول همه گیری کووید-19 بر سلامت و رفاه این گروه برجسته می کند. تا به امروز، هزاران نفر از پرسنل مراقبت های بهداشتی در سراسر جهان بر اثر کووید-19 </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(4)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> جان خود را از دست داده اند، و همچنین شواهد بیان گر سطوح بالای استرس روانی و فرسودگی شغلی به دلیل افزایش ناگهانی تقاضا و حجم کاری ناشی از آن می باشد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(2)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. از طرفی در طول بحران، مردم در تلاش هستند تا خود را با شرایط عادی جدید وفق دهند، در حالی که پرسنل تیم مراقبت بهداشتی از جمله پرستاران هنوز در زیر بار سنگین این بیماری همه گیر در حال مبارزه هستند و بسیاری از آنها به دلیل کمبود تجهیزات حفاظتی و قرار گرفتن مداوم در معرض ویروس طی ساعتها تماس روزانه با بیماران، خودشان بیمار میشوند </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(5)</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">همانطور که بررسی ها نشان می دهد پرستاران با مسائل عمده ای در این شرایط از قبیل کمبود پرستار، تخت و تجهیزات پزشکی از جمله تجهیزات حفاظت فردی و تغییرات روانی و ترس از عفونت بحرانی مواجه اند. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحقیقات بیشتر به منظور کشف تجربیات پرستارانی که در خط مقدم خدمت می کنند برای توسعه بیشتر، آمادگی و اقدامات واکنشی برای وضعیت آینده مورد نیاز است</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(6)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. بررسی مسائلی که پرستاران در طول نبرد با کوید19 با آنها روبرو می شوند، به حمایت از آنها کمک می کند و پروتکل ها و برنامه هایی را برای بهبود آمادگی آنها توسعه می بخشد. پیامدهای این یافتهها ممکن است به ارائه پشتیبانی و شناسایی نیازهای پرستاران کمک کند </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(5)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. پرستاران جهت ارائه راه حل های سریع و خلاقانه نقش حیاتی دارند، با توجه به این که نظرات آنها برای تعیین اولویتهای تحقیق عمدتا تعیین نشده است لزوم بیشتر دستیابی به اطلاعات در این مورد می تواند برای بیماران و خانواده آنها مفید باشد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(2)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. تعیین اولویتهای تحقیقات برای شیوههای حرفهای پرستاری که از شواهد برای ارائه مراقبت بهینه استفاده میکنند، حیاتی است </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(5)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تعیین اولویتهای پژوهشی به عنوان نقطه کلیدی و آغازین چرخه مدیریت پژوهش به شمار می آید،</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> به طوری که موضوعات کاربردی با توجه به محدودیت تخصیص بودجه تعیین می شود </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(7)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تعیین اولویتهای تحقیقاتی می تواند باعث ارتباط بیشتر بین موضوعات پژوهشی در پرستاری با دولت و موسسات سرمایه گذاری و ارائه خدمت و نظم بخشیدن به تحقیق گردد و از انجام ناهماهنگ و پراکنده پژوهش­های پرستاری (که خود منجر به عدم کارآیی ودوباره کاری می­شود) جلوگیری کند </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(8)</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. ا</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ستفاده از این اولویت ها می تواند برای سازماندهی واکنش جامعه پرستاران به همه گیری </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">COVID-19</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مفید باشد . همچنین تعیین اولویتهای تحقیقی در پرستاری کرونا می تواند در تدوین سیاست­ها و نوآوریهای بهداشتی موثر باشد. از طرفی بدون اطلاعات نمی توان پرستاری </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">COVID-19</span></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> موجود را ترسیم کرد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(2)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در طی بررسی کلی کمیته تحقیقات کوید 19 کشور اولویتهای تحقیقاتی کوید 19 در سه حوزه اصلی مدیریت بالینی و اقدامات بهداشتی و پاسخ های اجتماعی و اقتصادی</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هشت حوزه فرعی </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">غربالگری و آزمایش، درمان دارویی، مراقبت های ویژه، پروفیلاکسی، پیش آگهی، مدیریت بالینی اثرات پاندمی بر سلامت، پیشگیری از عفونت و حفاظت فردی</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مشخص شده است </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(9)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. اما</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تا به امروز، علیرغم انبوه فعالیت های تحقیقاتی هیچ رویکرد هماهنگی برای جلب اولویت های پرستاری برای تحقیقات در طول همه گیری کووید-19 وجود نداشته است </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(2)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین اولویتهای تحقیقاتی پرستاری در همهگیری کووید-19 در ایران با تکنیک دلفی طراحی گردید. </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:16.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مواد و روش کار : </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این مطالعه از نوع توصیفی و سنتی دلفی است که به روش پیمایشی (کلاسیک تعدیل شده) جهت تعیین اولویت های پژوهشی پرستاری کرونا انجام گرفت.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تکنیک </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">دلفی فرایندی دارای ساختار برای پیش بینی و کمک به تصمیم گیری در طی راندهای پیمایشی، جمع آوری اطلاعات و در نهایت، اجماع گروهی است </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(10)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هـدف از بکـارگیری روش دلفی ، مشخص کردن یک یا طیف محدودی از تخمین­های عددی اولویت­های پژوهشی پرستاری کرونا می باشد.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پس از تصویب طرح در معاونت پژوهشی دانشگاه و تأیید در کمیته اخلاق، پژوهشگر، ابتدا با مرور متـون مرتبط و بهره گیری از نتـایج مطالعات مرتبط با اولویت­های پژوهشی پرستاری کرونا در کشورهای مختلف ، فهرستی از موضوعات و زیر موضوعات پژوهشی و ملاک اولویت بندی آنها را استخراج گردید (طراحی پرسشنامه). سپس گروه خبرگان به تعداد 55 نفر (با در نظر گرفتن 25 درصد ریزش) به صورت هدفمند از میان افراد مسئول در حوزه پرستاری کرونا شامل اعضای بورد پرستاری وزارت بهداشت درمان و آموزش پزشکی و اعضا پرستاری در ستاد کرونا، سرپرست کلیه مراکز تحقیقاتی و مدیران گروه پرستاری ومعاونین آموزشی تعدادی از دانشکده های پرستاری و مامایی شامل تهران، شهید بهشتی، ایران، مشهد، تبریز، اصفهان، یزد، ساری، اهواز، همدان، ارومیه، بندرعباس و زاهدان با حداقل سه سال سابقه کار انتخاب و بعد از استخراج تلفن تماس و آدرس پستی آن ها با رضایت و توافق افراد وارد مطالعه شدند. بعد از تدوین پرسشنامه اولیه و شناسایی گروه خبرگان، مراحـل دلفی اجرا گردید. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پرسشنامه طراحی شده به نمونه های واجد شرایط جهت تعیین اولویت موارد طرح شده در پرسشنامه براساس ملاک ها ارسال شد تا </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نظرات خود را در رابطه با درجه اهمیت </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از 1-3 (</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کم(1)- متوسط(2)- زیاد(3)) ابراز نمایند. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یک سوال باز نیز برای ابراز نمونه­ها از موارد غیر از آنچه در پرسشنامه مطرح شده درنظر گرفته شد.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> پرسشنامه ها همراه با نامه ای که در آن اهداف طرح، کاربرد نتایج و آخرین مهلت ارسال پاسخ مشخص بود، از طریـق پسـت الکترونیکی و یا حضوری توزیع شد. همچنین با تهیه پرسشنامه انلاین از طریق واتس اپ برای مواردی که پاسخ نداده بودند ارسال گردید.پــس از بازگشــت پرسشنامه ها، تحلیل آنها به روش کمی با تعیین میانگین و انحراف معیار نمره پاسخ ها برای هر یک از موضوعات انجام شد. محاسبه میانگین امتیـازات بـا کمـک نـرم افـزار آمـاری</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> SPSS </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ورژن 21 انجام شد. بر اساس تحلیل نتایج مواردی که امتیاز 2 و بالاتر داده شدند به عنوان اولویت شناخته شد و بر اساس میانگین بالاتر و انحراف معیار کمتر لیست شدند. در مرحله دوم موضوعات مطرح شده در مرحله اول در قالب یک پرسشنامه در اختیار خبرگان قرار گرفت تا درجه توافق خود را با اولویت هر مورد با نمره دهی از 1تا 7 تعیین نمایند. در این مرحله چنانچه موضوعات درجه توافق بالاتر از 5 داشتند در لیست قرار گرفتند. در پایان ایـن مرحلـه، فهرست نهایی اولویت­های پژوهشی پرستاری کوید 19 در ایران استخراج شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه ای مشتمل بر سه بخش : بخش اول شامل ویژگی­های فردی شامل سن ،جنس، سابقه کاراموزشی و بالینی، نوع مسئولیت، تحصیلات، محل فعالیت، بخش دوم شامل فهرستی از عناوین پژوهشی جهت اولویت بندی با مقیاس نمره ای از 1تا 3 و درجه توافق 7-1، بخش سوم شامل یک سؤال باز جهت ذکر اولویت بندی عناوین پژوهشی دیگری که به نظر شرکت کننده ها در لیست پیشنهادی نیامده بود. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:18.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته ها: </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">از تعداد 30 نفر افراد دعوت شده در راند اول، 20 نفر مطالعه را تا پایان راند دوم همراهی نمودند. ۵5 درصد شرکت کنندگان زن و 45 درصد مرد بودند. میانگین سنی نمونه ها 2/52 سال بود. 100 درصد شرکت کنندگان از نظر تخصص، دارای مدرک پرستاری دکترا بودند. از نظر سابقه کاری حرفه ای نمونه ها دارای میانگین 8/8 سال سابقه کار بالینی و 1/23 سال سابقه کار آموزشی داشتند. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پیش نویس اولیه لیست اولویت های پژوهشی استخراج شده از اسناد موجود در شش حیطه شامل 87 اولویت بود. 16 مورد در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روانی عاطفی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> ، 16مورد در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آموزشی پژوهشی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، 18 مورد در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مدیریت پرستاری،</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 13 مورد در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مراقبت پرستاری، 18مورد در حیطه پیشگیری و اپیدمیولوژی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و 6 مورد در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">فناوری سلامت </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">قرار گرفت.</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="tab-stops:308.1pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در راند اول مطالعه، از تعداد 55 نفر افراد دعوت شده 30 نفر (میزان پاسخ 54 درصد) با پیگیری های مداوم از طریق تماس تلفنی و پیامک طی زمان تعیین شده پرسشنامه­ی راند اول را پاسخ دادند. در این مرحله موضوعاتی که میانگین امتیاز آنها دو یا بالاتر بود، انتخاب و به عنوان اولویت پژوهشی محسوب شدند.</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اولویت هریک ازموارد با نمره میانگین بالاتر و انحراف معیار کمتر مشخص گردید</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> همچنین پس از تحلیل کیفی به روش تحلیل محتوی از نظرات مشارکت کنندگان در سوال باز موارد جدیدی در حیطه های مختلف تنظیم و مواردی نیز ادغام گردید.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بدین طریق 19 مورد حذف، 8 مورد ادغام و 13 مورد اضافه و نهایتا 77 اولویت پژوهشی استخراج </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اساس تدوین پرسشنامه ساختارمند راند دوم را تشکیل دادند. در راند دوم مطالعه، با پیگیری های مکرر 20 نفر (میزان پاسخ 67 درصد) پرسشنامه­ی این مرحله از مطالعه را تکمیل کردند و درجه توافق خود را با اولویت­های پژوهشی مطرح شده از 1-7 تعیین کردند. پس از محاسبه میانگین وانحراف معیار هریک ، با توجه به این که تمامی </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> موضوعات درجه توافق بالاتر از 5 داشتند در لیست قرار گرفتند. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="tab-stops:308.1pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نتایج حاصل از مطالعه دلفی در پاسخ به پرسشنامه های راند اول و دوم منجر به تکمیل اولویت ها از 87 اولویت به 77 اولویت نهایی گردید. نهایتا به ترتیب اولویت در هر یک ازشش حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روانی عاطفی </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(8 مورد)، حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آموزشی پژوهشی </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(16مورد)، حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مدیریت پرستاری </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(16 مورد)، حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مراقبت پرستاری</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> (11 مورد)،</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> حیطه پیشگیری و اپیدمیولوژی </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(۲۱ مورد)، و حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">فناوری سلامت</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مدیریتی (6 مورد) لیست گردید.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="tab-stops:308.1pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اولین اولویت در </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">حیطه روانی عاطفی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بررسی مسایل روانی اجتماعی و پیامدهای مربوط به آنها در بیماران و خانواده های درگیر با کوید 19</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آموزشی پژوهشی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> استراتژیهای نوآورانه یاددهی-یادگیری و تأثیر بر مراقبت پرستاری در دوران همهگیری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کووید-19</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مدیریت پرستاری</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بکارگیری شواهد علمی در عمل</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مراقبت پرستاری</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تجربه بیماران از خدمات پرستاری ارائه شده در دوران کرونا در بخش</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، در حیطه پیشگیری و اپیدمیولوژی</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> خطرات شغلی و ایمنی</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و در حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">فناوری سلامت مراقبت از راه دور (تله نرسینگ)در طول اپیدمی</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کووید-19</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بود </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:18.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بحث و نتیجه گیری:</span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هدف این مطالعه تعیین اولویتهای پژوهشی پرستاری کرونا در ایران </span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به روش دلفی بود. بر اساس نتایج این مطالعه، اولویتهای پژوهشی پرستاری در در شش حیطه </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">روانی عاطفی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آموزشی پژوهشی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مدیریت پرستاری،</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مراقبت پرستاری، پیشگیری و اپیدمیولوژی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">فناوری سلامت</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تعیین گردید که این اولویت ها می­توانند چارچوبی برای پژوهش در حوزه پرستاری کرونا در سطح کشور باشند. از آنجا که پرستاران در پاسخ به سطح تقاضای خدمات بهداشتی و الگوهای در حال تغییر، نقش های اختصاصی و گسترده ای در برنامه ریزی مراقبت های بهداشتی و ارائه خدمات به عهده دارند، حرفه پرستاری به طور فزاینده ای به عنوان پیشرو در تحقیقات، بالین و سیاست گذاری خدمات بهداشتی محسوب می شود </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(11)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. در مطالعه حاضر حیطه های شناسایی شده به عنوان اولویت های پژوهشی، با شکاف­های شناسایی شده در منابع موجود همسو هستند</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(2, 4)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این پژوهش همسو با مطالعات قبلی </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(4)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نشان داد که سلامت روانی یک حوزه مهم برای پایداری خدمات پرستاری و بهداشتی در طول همهگیری است. بار کووید-19 بر کارکنان و بیماران هنوز به طور کامل درک نشده است. با این وجود، شواهد فزاینده ای از تأثیر منفی کووید-19 بر استرس، فرسودگی شغلی و سلامت روانی جمعیت و نیروی کار بهداشتی وجود دارد. بهعلاوه، «آسیب های اخلاقی» متحمل شده توسط کارکنانی که با چالشهای اخلاقی روبه رو می شوند و ممکن است برای آنها آمادگی نداشته باشند، در کنار نگرانی از مواجهه با موقعیت های جدید بدون آموزش و پشتیبانی کافی، پیچیدگی بیشتری به عرصه بازیابی سلامت روان میافزاید </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(12, 13)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. مرکز تحقیقاتی سلامت ملی، سلامت روان را به عنوان یک حوزه اولویت شناسایی و معرفی می کنند. پرستاران و بازدیدکنندگان سلامت در موقعیت ایده آلی برای توسعه و ارائه مداخلات روانشناختی متمرکز به بیماران و مردم هستند. به همین ترتیب، مجموعه شواهدی مبنی بر اثرات منفی این بیماری همهگیر بر سلامت روان نیروی کار پرستاری در حال ایجاد است، که تحقیقاتی را برای ارتقای تابآوری و رفاه در درازمدت در زمینه شرایط کارکنان از قبل بهینهتر ضروری میکند</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(14)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.از طرفی ، مشکلات روانی و چالش های بهداشتی اجتماعی بی سابقه مربوط به این همه گیری وحشتناک موضوع مهمی است که به تحقیقات علمی بیشتر و ارزیابی و راه حل های علم سلامت روان نیازدارد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(15)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. یافته های مطالعه ای نشان داد بدلیل شیوع بالای مشکلات روانی بیماران حتی پس از بهبود از کوید 19 بررسی جامع سلامت روانی جهت ارتقا کیفیت زندگی انان لازم است </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(16)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> توسعه برنامه های کاربردی از راه دور مراقبت های پرستاری در طول همه گیری و ارائه راهکارهای فناوری اطلاعات در آموزش پرستاری در دوران همهگیری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کووید-19 اولویت بالایی را در این پزوهش بخود اختصاص داد.نیاز به تحقیق در مورد فناوری در پرستاری در 20 سال اخیر بوجود امده است و از ان برای حمایت از مراقبتهای روزانه ،کمک به تعامل و اموزش بیماران استفاده شده است </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(5)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. بنابراین پرستاری از راه دور به یک مؤلفه ضروری برای ارائه مراقبت های پرستاری تبدیل شده است .در طول همهگیری کووید-19 مراقبتهای پرستاری به صورت مستقیم یا مجازی ارائه شده است. اکثریت در حال حاضر در صورت امکان از مراقبت مجازی پرستاری در جامعه استفاده می کنند. بنابراین، مفهوم مراقبت مجازی و مدل مراقبت پرستاری با ارتباطات غیرکلامی، باید توسعه و بررسی شود. </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(17)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. همچنین طراحی ابزارهای جدید برای پرستاری از راه دور نیاز به بررسی کیفیت، سهولت و اثربخشی دارد. آمادگی و صلاحیت پرستار در استفاده از فناوری مخابرات باید بررسی شود علاوه بر این، باید پروتکلی برای ارزیابی و پیگیری بیماران از راه دور ارائه شود </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(4)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در طول همهگیری کووید-19 مراقبتهای پرستاری به صورت مستقیم یا مجازی ارائه شده است. اکثریت در حال حاضر در صورت امکان از مراقبت مجازی پرستاری در جامعه استفاده می کنند. بنابراین، مفهوم مراقبت مجازی و مدل مراقبت پرستاری با ارتباطات غیرکلامی، باید توسعه و بررسی شود. علاوه بر این، پرستاری از راه دور به یک مؤلفه ضروری برای ارائه مراقبت های پرستاری تبدیل شده است </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(17)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. متأسفانه، شکافی در درک چگونگی ارتباط نظریههای پرستاری با عملکرد پرستاری در بحران کووید-19 وجود دارد. شاید بتوانیم مدلهای مراقبت پرستاری را برای ایجاد محیطهای درمانی ایجاد کنیم. پیوند نظریه های پرستاری با عملکرد پرستاری در باید بیشتر مورد توجه قرار گیرد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(4)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آمادگی و صلاحیت پرستار در استفاده از فناوری مخابرات باید بررسی شود. همچنین طراحی ابزارهای جدید برای پرستاری از راه دور نیاز به بررسی کیفیت، سهولت و اثربخشی دارد. دسترسی و کیفیت مراقبت، به ویژه برای جمعیت های محروم، حیاتی خواهد بود. بنابراین توسعه برنامه های کاربردی از راه دور مراقبت های پرستاری در طول همه گیری و ارائه راهکارهای فناوری اطلاعات در آموزش پرستاری در دوران همهگیری</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کووید-19 از موارد اولویت داری بود که در این پژوهش شناسایی گردید علاوه بر این، باید پروتکلی برای ارزیابی و پیگیری بیماران از راه دور ارائه شود </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(4)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این پژوهش اولویت برای تحقیقات متمرکز<s>، </s>در رابطه با خطرات شغلی و ایمنی (محیط و پرستار و بیماران ) را در حیطه پیشگیری و اپیدمیولوژی برجسته کرد.. سازمان بهداشت جهانی موافق است که رویکردهای جایگزین برای کاهش کمبود تجهیزات حفاظت فردی باید بر اساس شواهد علمی و اصول ارائه مراقبت ایمن باشد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(18)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. این رویکرد بسیار مهم است زیرا نگرانیها در مورد تجهیزات حفاظت فردی ممکن است نه تنها به دلیل مسائل ایمنی فردی پرستاران، بلکه به دلیل سایر بیماران و انتقال ویروس به افراد دیگر خارج از محل کار ایجاد شود </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(4)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در مطالعه ای به منظور تعیین یک مدل برای اولویتهای پزوهشی در پاندمی کرونا به لزوم انجام تحقیقات در مورد روانشناسی اجتماعی جهت برنامه ریزی اقدامات پیشگیرانه تاکید شده است</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(19)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> پیشگیری و کنترل از نقشهای اساسی پرستاران بوده و اموزش انها در این زمینه مهم است </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(5)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و در این راستا تصویر پرستاران در جامعه و رسانه می تواند برایفای نقش انها تاثیر بگذارد.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحقیقات مرتبط با مدیریت منابع انسانی و تجهیزات و مدیریت بحران از اولویت بالایی در این پژوهش برخوردار شد. بدون شک باید از هم اکنون برای آینده ای با تعداد کافی پرستار برنامه ریزی کنیم و کل نیروی پرستاری باید دستمزد بهتری دریافت کنند </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(20)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> . همچنین شکاف نسلی برای جایگزینی پرستاران بازنشسته وجود دارد. طراحی مدل های کارکنان و استراتژی های منابع انسانی نوآورانه برای جایگزینی نیروهای جدید ضروری است. علاوه بر این، تعهد سازمانی در میان پرستاران به دلیل حجم کاری بالا، حقوق کم، نسبت بالای بیماران/پرستاران و سایر عوامل نیاز به بررسی بیشتر دارد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(21)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. کمبودنیروی انسانی و تجهیزات و منابع پزشکی مانند تجهیزات حفاظت فردی دومین مقوله مهمی است که پرستاران در شواهد موجود در مواجهه با کوید 19 بیان نمودند ، این مقوله موجب گسترش عفونت در میان پزشک و پرستار ومرگ انها شده است </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(22)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> در دوران همه گیری کووید-19 ، بخــش آمــوزش یکــی از آســیب پذیــر تریــن بخــش هــا بــود </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(23)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. بــرای مقابلــه بــا پیامــد هــای ناشــی از تعطیلــی مراکــز آموزشــی و توقــف فراینــد هــای آموزشــی، فراگیـران و اسـاتید در تمـام مقاطـع ناگزیـر بـه اسـتفاده از آموزش مجـازی بـه اشـکال مختلـف شـدند </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(24)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. آموزش الکترونیکی در آموزش پرستاری ممکن است بر سلامتی بیماران تأثیرگذار باشد. بر اساس مرور متون بسیاری از دانشجویان بیان کردند که دوره هـای آموزشـی الکترونیکـی از نظـر محتـوا و فراینـد آمـوزش از کیفیـت مطلوبـی برخـوردار نبـوده </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(25)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و بیـن محتـوا و روش آموزشـی و اهـداف دانشـگاهی تناسـب کمـی وجـود دارد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(26)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. مشـکلی دیگــر در ایــن بخــش مربــوط بــه ماهیــت عملــی برخــی واحــد هـای درسـی اسـت کـه اجـرای آن بـه صـورت مجـازی امـکان پذیـر نیسـت </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(27)</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. بنابراین استراتژیهای نوآورانه یاددهی-یادگیری ، استفاده از تجربه دانشجویان و اساتید از آموزش از راه دور و آموزش به بیمار و خانواده آنها، تدوین</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">راهنما</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> )</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گایدلاین</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"> (</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آموزشی از موارد اولویت داری است که باید مورد توجه و مدنظر قرار گیرد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پیشنهاد می گردد که اولویت های پژوهشی شناسایی شده در هر یک از حیطه ها به صورت جداگانه مورد بررسی قرار گیرند همچنین </span></span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="tab-stops:308.1pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحقیقات پرستاری در دوران پسا کرونا نیز با توجه به تاثیرات این پاندمی در حوزه های روانی و اجتماعی بر پرستاران و بیماران ادامه یابد</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">:</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the global burden on health care systems increased significantly (1), And led to unprecedented changes in the organization and provision of health care at the national, systemic, and organizational levels. Nurses are recognized worldwide as a focal point for health care in a <span style="color:black">pandemic </span>field (2). Nurses are at the forefront of care and are more vulnerable. Life-threatening situations during the outbreak of Covid-19 make the nurse's physical and mental condition very stressful (3). A developing body of research highlights deep concerns about the impact of work during the Covid-19 pandemic on this group’s health and well-being. Until today, thousands of healthcare professionals around the world have died from Covid-19 (4). There is also evidence of high levels of psychological stress and burnout due to a sudden increase in demand and the resulting workload (2). On the other hand, during the crisis, people are trying to adapt to the new normal conditions; while health care personnel, including nurses, are still struggling under the heavy burden of the pandemic, many of them become ill themselves due to lack of protective equipment and constant exposure to the virus during hours of daily contact with patients (5).</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Nurses face major problems in this situation such as lack of nurses, beds and medical equipment including personal protective equipment and psychological changes and fear of critical infection. Further research is needed to explore the experiences of front-line nurses for further development, preparedness and responsive actions for the future (6). Checking the issues that nurses face during the battle with COVID-19 helps to support them and develops protocols and programs to improve their preparedness. The implications of these findings may help provide support and identify the needs of nurses (5). Nurses have a vital role in providing rapid and creative solutions; since their opinions to determine research priorities are mostly not determined, the need for more information in this regard can be beneficial to patients and their families (2). Determining research priorities is critical to the practice of the nursing profession that uses evidence to provide optimal care (5). Determining research priorities is considered as a key point and the beginning of the research management cycle, so that practical issues are determined according to the limitation of budget allocation (7) and it can make more connection between research topics in nursing with the government and investment institutions and provide services and regulate research and prevent uncoordinated and scattered nursing research (which leads to inefficiency and rework) (8). Using these priorities can be useful in organizing the nurses' response to COVID-19. Also, setting research priorities in Corona nursing can be effective in compiling health policies and innovations. On the other hand, the existing COVID-19 nursing cannot be depicted without information (2). ). Based on the Research Committee overall review of COVID-19 in IRAN, the three main areas of clinical management, health measures and socio-economic responses and eight sub-areas of screening and testing, drug treatment, intensive care, prophylaxis, prognosis, management Clinical effects of pandemic on health, infection prevention and personal protection have been identified (9). However, until today, despite the abundance of research activities, there has been no coordinated approach to attract nursing priorities for research during the Covid-19 pandemic (2), so the present study aims to determine the nursing research priorities in the Covid-19 pandemic in Iran- designed with Delphi technique.</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Materials:</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This is a descriptive modified classical Delphi study that was conducted to determine Corona nursing research priorities. The Delphi technique is a structured process for predicting and assisting decision-making during survey rounds, gathering information, and ultimately group consensus (10). The purpose of using the Delphi method is to identify one or a limited range of numerical estimates of corona nursing research priorities. The researchers, first by reviewing the related texts extracted a list of research topics and sub-topics (questionnaire design). Then, a group of 55 experts (considering 25% dropouts) with at least three years of experience were selected purposefully from people in charge in the field of corona nursing, including members of the nursing board of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, nursing members in the corona headquarters, heads of all research centers and managers of nursing department, vice chancellors of a number of nursing and midwifery schools in Tehran, Mashhad, Tabriz, Isfahan, Yazd, Sari, Ahvaz, Hamedan, Urmia, hormozgan and Zahedan. The individuals were included in the study with their own consent and agreement after their contact number and postal address were extracted. Subsequently Delphi steps were performed after compiling the initial questionnaire and identifying the group of experts.</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The questionnaire consisting of three parts:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The first part includes personal characteristics including age, gender, educational and clinical background, type of responsibility, education, and place of activity.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The second part includes a list of research topics for prioritization with a scale of 1 to 3</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(low (1) - medium (2) - high (3).</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The third section includes an open-ended question to prioritize other research topics that, according to participants, were not considered in the suggested list.</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The designed questionnaire was sent to eligible samples to determine the priority of the items in the questionnaire based on the criteria to express their opinions regarding the degree of importance from 1-3. The questionnaires were distributed by e-mail or in person along with a letter in which the objectives of the project, the application of the results and the deadline for submitting the answer were specified. An online questionnaire prepared via WhatsApp was also sent for those who did not respond. The samples were continuously followed up by phone and SMS to answer within the specified time.</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">After receiving the questionnaires, quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the mean and standard deviation of the response score for each of the topics with SPSS software version 21.</span></span></span> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Also, after qualitative analysis by content analysis method, new items were set up in different areas and some cases were merged based on participants’ opinions in the open-ended question. Based on the analysis of the results, the items that were given a score of 2 or higher were identified as a priority and were listed based on a higher mean and less standard deviation. In the second stage, the issues raised in the first stage were submitted to the experts in the form of a questionnaire to determine the degree of their agreement with the priority of each case with a score from 1 to 7. At this stage, the issues were included in the list if they had a degree of agreement higher than 5. At the end of this phase, the final list of COVID-19 nursing research priorities in Iran was extracted.</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Out of 55 invited people, 30 people participated in the first round and 20 people accompanied the study until the end of the second round.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">55% of participants were female and 45% were male.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The mean age of the samples was 52.2(+_8.37) years.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">100% of the participants had a doctorate degree in nursing.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In terms of professional work experience, the samples had an average of 8.8(+_ 9.84) years of clinical work experience and 23.1(+_7.78) years of educational work experience.</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The initial draft of the research priorities list extracted from documents in six areas included 87 priorities as follows:</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Emotional psychology (16 items), educational research (16 items), nursing management (18 items), nursing care (13 items), prevention and epidemiology (18 items) and health technology (6 items).</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In the first round of the study, 30 out of 55 invited individuals (54% response rate) answered the first round questionnaire .In this way, 19 items were removed, 8 items were merged and 13 items were added and finally 77 research priorities were extracted and formed the basis of the second round structured questionnaire.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In the second round of the study, with repeated follow-ups, 20 individuals (67% response rate) completed the questionnaire of this stage of the study .all subjects had a degree of agreement higher than 5</span></span></span> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">in all items.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The results of the Delphi study in response to the first and second round questionnaires led to the completion of priorities from 87 priorities to 77 final priorities.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">They were finally listed in order of priority in each of the six areas of emotional psychology (8 items), educational research area (16 items), nursing management area (16 items), nursing care area (11 cases), prevention and epidemiology area (21 items), and the field of managerial health technology (6 items) (Table 1-7).</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
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<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Discussion:</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Based on the results of this study, nursing research priorities were determined in six areas .These priorities can be a framework for research in the field of corona nursing in the country. As nurses play a specific and broad role in health care planning and service delivery in response to the level of health service demand and changing patterns, the nursing profession is increasingly at the forefront of research, clinical and Health services policy (11).</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This study in line with previous studies (4) showed that mental health is an important area for the sustainability of health and nursing services during the pandemic.</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Nurses and health visitors are in an ideal position to develop and provide focused psychological interventions to patients and the public<span style="color:red">.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Also, a growing body of evidence of the negative impacts of this pandemic on the mental health of the nursing workforce is emerging, necessitating research to improve long-term resilience and well-being in the context of more optimal staff conditions (12,13,14).</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">On the other hand, the unprecedented psychological problems and social health challenges associated with this terrible pandemic are important issues that require further scientific research and evaluation and scientific solutions to mental health (15).</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Findings of the study showed that due to the high prevalence of patients' mental problems, even after recovery from COVID-19, a comprehensive study of mental health is needed to improve their quality of life (16).</span></span></b><b> </b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The development of remote practical plans of nursing care during the pandemic and presenting information technology solutions in nursing education during the Covid-19 pandemic had a high priority in this study.</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The need for research on technology in nursing has started since 20 years ago and it has been used to support daily care, help patients interact and also educate them (5).</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Therefore, distance nursing has become an essential component of nursing care.</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Nursing care has been provided directly or virtually during the Covid-19 pandemic.</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Today the majority of people use virtual nursing care in the community if possible.</span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Therefore, the concept of virtual care and the model of nursing care with non-verbal communication should be developed and examined. (17).</span></span></b><b> </b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This study highlighted the priority for focused research on occupational hazards and safety (environment, nurse, and patients) in the field of prevention and epidemiology.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The World Health Organization agrees that alternative approaches to reducing the shortage of personal protective equipment should be based on scientific evidence and the principles of safe care (18).</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This approach is vitally important because concerns about personal protective equipment may arise not only from nurses' personal safety issues, but also from other patients and the transmission of the virus to other people outside the workplace (4).</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In a study, in order to determine a model for research priorities in the Corona pandemic, the need for research on social psychology to plan preventive measures has been emphasized (19) ,and in this regard, the image of nurses in society and the media can affect the fulfillment of their role(5).</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Research related to human resource management and equipment and crisis management had a high priority in this research.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Undoubtedly, we must plan for a future with a sufficient number of nurses from now on, and the entire nursing staff must be paid better (20).</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">There is also a generation gap to replace retired nurses.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Designing staff models and innovative human resource strategies are essential to replace the new forces.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In addition, organizational commitment among nurses needs further consideration due to high workload, low pay, high patient / nurse ratio, and other factors (21).</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Lack of manpower and medical equipment and resources such as personal protective equipment is the second most important category that nurses stated in the evidence, facing covid-19, which has led to the spread of infection among physicians and nurses and their death (22).</span></span></span></b><b> </b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">During the Covid-19 pandemic, the training section was one of the most vulnerable (23).</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">To deal with the consequences of the closure of educational centers and the cessation of educational processes, learners and professors in all stages had no choice but to use e-learning in various forms (24). E-learning in nursing education may affect patients' health.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">There is little consistency between the content, the educational method and the goals of the university (26).</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Another problem in this section is related to the practical nature of some courses that cannot be presented online (27).</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Therefore, innovative teaching-learning strategies, utilizing the experience of students and faculty from distance education, educating the patient and their families, and developing an educational guideline are among the priority items that should be considered.</span></span></span></b><b> </b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In this study, research in the field of nursing services for patients with COVID-19 at the time of hospitalization and after discharge at home as well as dying patients was given high priority.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Families felt a deep sadness for the death of their loved ones who died alone.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">It is necessary to check and follow up these families and the impact of palliative care (4).</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">One of the strengths of this study was the presence of experts and the use of the Delphi method to reach a consensus to determine priorities. The Delphi method was used with the spread of samples in Iran, which strengthens the validity and generalizability of research priorities</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This study confirms the pivotal role of nurses in the continuous development of health care services by identifying priority fields that can be the basis for care measures and nursing practices at the national level.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">It is suggested that the identified research priorities in each of the areas be examined separately and that clinical nurses be used to review future research priorities.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conducting research in the areas identified in this study could guide future nursing research and the allocation of research grants and subsequently lead to the development of nursing knowledge; it could also improve patient outcomes and the quality of nursing care and ultimately lead to maintaining and promoting the health of the individual, family and community.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">It is recommended that nursing research in the post-corona period be continued due to the effects of this pandemic in the psychological and social fields on nurses and patients.</span></span></span> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""></span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">In this study, the research-nursing priorities of COVID-19 were determined in Iran, via Delphi method, based on nursing experts' opinion in various fields. Developed research priorities could guide the study audience in selecting topics and focusing on future research activities even in the post-corona period. Also purposefully target the allocation of research resources and budgets.</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Priority evaluation was done virtually via e-mail, which was difficult and time consuming due to the busy schedule of experts</span></span></span></b> <b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Research priorities with an average score equal to and above 2.5 were listed (table 1).</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Acknowledgments:</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This study was suggested by the Nursing Research Network, "Corona Research Working Group", Mr. Dr Nejatian,Mr. Dr. Mazloum, especially Mrs. Dr. Leila Valizadeh, who are appreciated.</span></span></span></b><b> </b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">We would also like to thank the Research Vice Chancellor of the University of Medical Sciences and the Midwifery Nursing Research Center of the Shahid Sadoughi School of Nursing and Midwifery in Yazd, and all the valuable experts and professors who helped us in this research.</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Ethical considerations:</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">This study is the result of a research project No. 12085 approved by the Ethics Committee of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences of Yazd with the code IR.SSU.RSI.REC.1400.024</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conflict of interest: This study has no conflict of interest.</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Funding source: This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies.</span></span></span></b></span></span></span><br>
<b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Author contributions: khadijeh dehghani: design of the work, methodology,</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">analysis, drafting, editing, revision and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Supervision</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> of the work. danial shadi : methodology , research review , drafting and editing. </span></span></span></b>
اولویت پژوهشی, روش دلفی, کرونا, پرستاری
Research Priority, Delphi Method, COVID-19, Nursing
520
533
http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3887-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1
khadijeh
Dehghani
خدیجه
دهقانی
shadehghani@gmail.com
13600319475328460042663
13600319475328460042663
No
Research center for nursing and midwifery care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences، Yazd، Iran
.دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی ،دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی ، یزد ، ایران .
danial
shadi
دانیال
شادی
shadidanyal@gmail.com
13600319475328460042664
13600319475328460042664
Yes
PhD student in nursing, Department of Nursing, Tabriz University of medical science, Tabriz, Iran
دانشجوی دکترای پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی ،دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز ، تبریز، ایران