fa ارزیابی مقایسه‌ای ریسک خطای انسانی در شغل آتش نشانی با استفاده از روش‌های Fuzzy HEART و Fuzzy SLIM ارگونومی Ergonomics پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:390.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:390.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">شغل آتش نشانی یکی از مشاغلی است که احتمال خطای انسانی و سطح ریسک از مرحله شروع عملیات تا پایان عملیات (اطفا حریق) در آن بالا است که می بایست </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مور توجه قرار گیرد. بدین منظور این مطالعه با هدف</span></span> <span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ارزیابی مقایسه‌ای ریسک خطای انسانی در شرایط اضطراری با استفاده از روش‌های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> HEART</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy SLIM</span></span><span lang="AR-YE" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> انجام شده است.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#202122"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:390.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#202122">روش کار</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">&nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مطالعه‌ی حاضر </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توصیفی- تحلیلی از نوع مقطعی </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">بوده که </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در شغل آتش نشانی و با مشارکت 12 نفر آتش نشان و </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در آن از تکنیک منطق فازی دو روش </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">HEART</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و</span></span> &nbsp;<span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SLIM</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> استفاده شده است. </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy</span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">HEART</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> براساس جداول و روش </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy SLIM</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> بر مبنای قضاوت آتش نشانان انجام و </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#222222">39 زیروظیفه در 4 فاز (آگاهی، ارزشیابی، خروج و بازیابی) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">. از نرم افزار </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Excel</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> برای انجام محاسبات احتمال خطا استفاده گردید</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و آزمون‌های آماری همبستگی و کاپا برای آنالیز داده‌ها به کار گرفته شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="tab-stops:390.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#202122">یافته ها</span></span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b>&nbsp;</b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">برابر نتایج به دست آمده، میانگین و انحراف معیار عدد احتمال خطای انسانی در زیروظایف مختلف آتش نشانی در روش </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy</span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">HEART</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy SLIM</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> به ترتیب 237678/0</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&plusmn;</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 148034/0 و 051748/0</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&plusmn;</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 06490/0 می باشد. در 9/35 درصد زیروظایف، طبقه احتمال خطای انسانی و ریسک ارزیابی شده یکسان می باشد، با این وجود، در 05/82 درصد زیروظایف سطح ریسک برآورد شده در دو روش یکسان می باشد. ضریب همبستگی مقادیر احتمال خطا بین دو روش برابر 091/0 می باشد که نشان دهنده همبستگی ضعیف در این خصوص است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از آزمون آماری کاپا بین سطح ریسک برآورد شده در دو روش نشان داد که بین دو روش </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy HEART</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy SLIM</span></span> &nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">توافق بالا در این خصوص وجود دارد (05/0</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P value</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه گیری:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> نتایج ارزیابی احتمال خطای انسانی به دو روش مذکور نشان دهنده همبستگی ضعیف و توافق معنی دار بین آن‌ها می‌باشد. لذا با توجه به زمان بر بودن روش </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy SLIM</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span> &nbsp;<span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Fuzzy HEART</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> می‌تواند جایگزین خوبی برای آن باشد.</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction: This study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study conducted on the firefighting occupation, with the participation of 12 firefighters, using the fuzzy logic technique with the HEART and SLIM methods.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Material and Methods:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> This study is cross-sectional and descriptive-anaiytical. The fuzzy HEART method was based on the tables, and the fuzzy SLIM method was based on the judgment of the firefighters. Thirty-nine sub-tasks were studied in 4 phases (Awareness, Evaluation, Egress and Recovery). </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Excel software was used to perform error probability calculations, and statistical tests of correlation and Kappa were used to analyze the data. In 35.9% of the sub-tasks, the human error probability and risk classification were identical. However, in 82.5% of the sub-tasks, the risk level assessed by the two methods was the same. The correlation coefficient of error probabilities between the two methods was 0.091, indicating a weak correlation. The Kappa statistical test results on the assessed risk levels showed a high agreement between fuzzy HEART and fuzzy SLIM (p-value < 0.05). </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion: The results showed a weak correlation between the error probability estimated by the two methods, but a significant agreement between the estimated error risk. Considering the time-consuming nature of the fuzzy SLIM method, fuzzy HEART appears to be a suitable replacement for risk assessment.</span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; خطای انسانی, ارزیابی ریسک, شرایط اضطراری, منطق فازی, Fuzzy SLIM, Fuzzy HEART Human error probability, Risk assessment, Emergency situations, Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy SLIM, Fuzzy HEART 17 37 http://ioh.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-796-6&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Raheleh Pourhossein راحله پورحسین rahelehpourhosein@gmail.com 13600319475328460046109 0009-0006-9470-3920 No Tabriz health care system مرکز بهداشت تبریز Yahya Rasoulzadeh یحیی رسول زاده rasoulzadehy@gmail.com 13600319475328460046110 13600319475328460046110 Yes TBZMED دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز Saeed Mousavi سعید موسوی saeedmusavi@ymail.com 13600319475328460046111 13600319475328460046111 No TBZMED دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز