Iran Occupational Health

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Background and aims: Today, a safety and conscious work environment in various organizations and industries can be mentioned as a long-term competitive advantage, the improvement of which leads to the prevention of accidents for different types of organizations in different countries. A safety-conscious work environment enables organizations to identify signs of reduced security before accidental incidents occur. This active performance in the gas company is very important.Organizations are active in ensuring compliance with safety and conscious work environment requirements, and employees can report any concerns without fear. On the other hand, one of the important and decisive requirements in safety and even environmental management systems is the identification of factors affecting the establishment of the immune system. The reason for including this requirement in these standards is the importance of reducing the consequences of the accident. In recent years, many efforts have been made to identify the causes of accidents in various industries, especially the oil and gas industry. It has been believed that most accidents are caused by human error, and it is easy to conclude that such error is due to carelessness or inefficiency in doing things, but this argument is not true. People who study accidents have found that humans are the only link in the chain that causes an accident. It is not possible to prevent accidents by changing people, it is only possible to prevent them by identifying the causes of an accident. A safety and conscious work environment allows highly reputable organizations to be active in the safety of the organization and enables employees to report any concerns easily and without fear of retaliation. On the other hand, the company's failure to implement projects may incur human, economic, and environmental costs, and enable a safety and conscious work environment for organizations to identify signs of declining security before accidental events occur. A safe and informed work environment means that employees can freely express their security concerns without fear of retaliation, harassment or discrimination. SCWE policies should allow employees to manage both safety and security concerns without fear of punishment. In large, high-risk companies, including the gas company, a safe work environment may help prevent accidents. These events can hurt people, the economy and the environmental consequences. However, these incidents are rare. However, failure in system components (such as people, devices, trends) can hurt the company in unpredictable ways. In this regard, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Gas Company intends to take appropriate measures to improve the safety of employees and the company's environment. One of the measures proposed to the officials of this company is to take measures to create a culture of safety and awareness. In this case, the officials of this company should implement programs in various aspects to create a proper culture in employees, safety quality and improve the health of the company. Recently, little research has been done on the conscious work environment. The concept of SCWE has attracted a lot of attention among experts because SCWE allows organizations to anticipate potential problems and prevent accidents. Therefore, the aim of this research is to provide a safety-conscious work environment model in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province Gas Company.
 Methods: In previous studies, many safety models have been proposed. In this study, the aim is to develop previous models and provide a new model safely and consciously, and because the purpose of this study is to develop science and help managers to use SCWE. This research is a developmental-applied study that has been performed as a sequential mix 10.  experts of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Gas Company using snowball sampling method (in this method, the researcher first goes to the expert he knows. He introduces another expert after giving information, and this method continues until theoretical saturation is achieved. In the qualitative section, with the help of qualitative thematic analysis method, first reviewing the research background, semi-structured interview questions on safety and conscious work environment were developed and in several sessions with researchers and experts in this field, the accuracy of content and their adequacy to identify effective and constituent factors were examined. In the next step, with the identification of experts, interview sessions were held with ten experts. At this stage, coding and description were done. And was held with two reports in the interpretive coding stage in order to explain the concepts of the interview. The reliability study was performed using the method of percentage agreement between the two coders (researchers), and the figure of 80% of the agreement expressed the reliability of the qualitative section. In the last step, after organizing and organizing the data, they analyzed it and the process of extracting the meaning of the data by coding method began. To encode the interviews, the researchers first returned the audio files to the text, then used the content analysis method (induction) to identify the codes in an open and unrestricted manner. Interpretive structural modeling was used in the communication component. Structural interpretive modeling is a suitable technical technique for analyzing the effect of one element on other elements.
Results: Based on interviews with experts, 24 interpretive themes were obtained and using coding and considering the nature of these 24 sub-categories and a detailed study of the relationships between them, the components were classified into 7 comprehensive themes. The results of the thematic analysis of the seven components for a safe and informed environment of work included the commitment of corporate executives, training, freedom and employee self-confidence, comprehensive strategy and cooperation, HSE planning, compliance and risk management . Based on the results of ISM, the first level employees feel the feeling of freedom and self-confidence. After identifying the first level variables, these variables are removed and the set of inputs and outputs is calculated without considering the first level variables. According to the output of the second level determination calculations, the training variable is the second level variable. According to the output of the third level determination calculations in the ISM hierarchy, comprehensive strategy variables and cooperation and risk management of the third level variables and based on the new inputs and outputs of HSE programming variable were selected as the fourth level elements. Finally, the commitment variable of managers is considered as the sixth level variable. With the aid of interpretive structural modeling method, the variable of management commitment, such as the model rock, acts as the factor of freedom and self-confidence of the top managers of the model. Employees' feelings of freedom and self-confidence and the component of training are also less influential, but they are more dependent on other components. Components of risk management and comprehensive strategy and collaboration are located in the link area, which has high penetration power and high dependence. The components of commitment of managers, compliance with the rules and planning of a safe and conscious work environment are in the area of influence. These components have high penetration power with minimal dependence.
Conclusion: The commitment of senior management is more important than other variables, and to evaluate it, we must start from this factor and reach other factors. Making strategic decisions about safety culture depends on the commitment of senior management. If senior management is committed to itself and its organization, it can help the organization to implement and develop SCWE and provide the company with many strategic and tactical benefit. As it turns out, after the commitment of management, compliance with the rules is more effective. By following the rules and health requirements, you can expect HSE planning in the organization. This management system takes steps to sustainably develop, reduce costs, and increase productivity by preventing injuries and health events, safety, and the environment, and by taking into account the health and safety of employees and others affected by the organization's ongoing activities. The success of this system requires the existence of a comprehensive strategy and the participation of all employees in the implementation of health, safety and environmental requirements. On the other hand, risk management is one of the basic components in preventing accidents and unsafe accidents. And with the right training, identifying risks and controlling risks to employees and managers can create a sense of confidence and freedom in employees. The commitment of the gas company managers to promote SCWE culture is essential, and to achieve this goal, it is possible to educate and promote the concept of a safe and informed wor6king environment for managers and employees. Given the importance of the gas industry in the country's economy and people's lives, as well as the impact of safety culture on the safety of employees, designing a safe and informed model in the organization purposefully and emphasizing safety awareness can be a factor to intensify and Accelerate the promotion of a conscious safety culture in the organization. Organizational cultures should be encouraged in organizations. In addition, managers need to strengthen policies and communication practices that consciously support a safe work environment. The results obtained in this study only belong to a small representative of the country's industries, so in generalizing the results to all industries in the country, precautions must be taken. In future research, researchers will use dynamic modeling that can analyze causal relationships and safety dynamics over time.
 

Keywords: safety, health, environment, safety-conscious work environment, Gas Company

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